[1] 肖练练, 钟林生, 周睿, 等. 近30年来国外国家公园研究进展与启示[J]. 地理科学进展, 2017, 36(2): 244 − 255.

XIAO Lianlian, ZHONG Linsheng, ZHOU Rui, et al. Review of international research on national parks as an evolving knowledge domain in recent 30 years [J]. Prog Geogr, 2017, 36(2): 244 − 255.
[2] FROST W, HALL M. Tourism and National Parks: International Perspectives on Development, Histories and Change[M]. London: Routledge, 2009: 30−44.
[3] EAGLES P F J. Research piorities in park tourism [J]. J Sustainable Tourism, 2014, 22(4): 528 − 549.
[4] 张凌云. 国际上流行的旅游定义和概念综述: 兼对旅游本质的再认识[J]. 旅游学刊, 2008, 23(1): 86 − 91.

ZHANG Lingyun. Review on the definitions and concept of tourism currently popular in the world: recognition of the nature of tourism [J]. Tourism Trib, 2008, 23(1): 86 − 91.
[5] 张朝枝, 曹静茵, 罗意林. 旅游还是游憩?我国国家公园的公众利用表述方式反思[J]. 自然资源学报, 2019, 34(9): 1797 − 1806.

ZHANG Chaozhi, CAO Jingyin, LUO Yilin. Tourism or recreation? Rethink the expression of the public use in Chinese national parks [J]. J Nat Resour, 2019, 34(9): 1797 − 1806.
[6] 章光日. 从大城市到都市区: 全球化时代中国城市规划的挑战与机遇[J]. 城市规划, 2003, 27(5): 33 − 37.

ZHANG Guangri. From large city to metropolitan area challenge and opportunities toward the Chinese urban planning at the time of globalization [J]. City Plann Rev, 2003, 27(5): 33 − 37.
[7] 唐芳林, 王梦君, 李云, 等. 中国国家公园研究进展[J]. 北京林业大学学报(社会科学版), 2018, 17(3): 17 − 27.

TANG Fanglin, WANG Mengjun, LI Yun, et al. A review of the research on national parks in China [J]. J Beijing For Univ Soc Sci, 2018, 17(3): 17 − 27.
[8] 张玉钧, 薛冰洁. 国家公园开展生态旅游和游憩活动的适宜性探讨[J]. 旅游学刊, 2018, 33(8): 14 − 16.

ZHANG Yujun, XUE Bingjie. Discussion on the suitability of ecotourism and recreation activities in national parks [J]. Tourism Trib, 2018, 33(8): 14 − 16.
[9] 张丛林, 陈伟毅, 黄宝荣, 等. 国家公园旅游可持续性管理评估指标体系——以西藏色林错-普若岗日冰川国家公园潜在建设区为例[J]. 生态学报, 2020, 40(20): 7299 − 7311.

ZHANG Conglin, CHEN Weiyi, HUANG Baorong, et al. Evaluation indicator system of national park tourism sustainability management: a case study of Selin Co-Puruogangri Glacier in Tibet [J]. Acta Ecol Sin, 2020, 40(20): 7299 − 7311.
[10] 林秀治. 武夷山国家公园游憩机会谱的构建研究[J]. 林业经济问题, 2020, 40(3): 244 − 251.

LIN Xiuzhi. Research on construction of recreation opportunity spectrum in Wuyishan National Park [J]. Issues For Econ, 2020, 40(3): 244 − 251.
[11] 王根茂, 谭益民, 张双全, 等. 湖南南山国家公园体制试点区游憩管理研究——基于访客体验与资源保护理论[J]. 林业经济, 2019, 41(8): 10 − 19.

WANG Genmao, TAN Yimin, ZHANG Shuangquan, et al. Research on recreation management of Nanshan National Park system pilot area in Hunan Province: based on visitor experience and resource protection theory [J]. For Econ, 2019, 41(8): 10 − 19.
[12] 李念, 陈其兵, 姜涛. 基于网络数据的国家湿地公园游客感知分析[J]. 地域研究与开发, 2020, 39(1): 89 − 93.

LI Nian, CHEN Qibing, JIANG Tao. Analysis of tourists’ perception of national wetland park based on network data [J]. Areal Res Dev, 2020, 39(1): 89 − 93.
[13] HARSHAW H W, SHEPPARD S R J. Using the recreation opportunity spectrum to evaluate the temporal impacts of timber harvesting on outdoor recreation settings [J]. J Outdoor Recreation Tourism, 2013, 1/2: 40 − 50.
[14] OISHI Y. Toward the improvement of trail classification in national parks using the recreation opportunity spectrum approach [J]. Environ Manage, 2013, 51(6): 1126 − 1136.
[15] 肖随丽, 贾黎明, 汪平, 等. 北京城郊山地森林游憩机会谱构建[J]. 地理科学进展, 2011, 30(6): 746 − 752.

XIAO Suili, JIA Liming, WANG Ping, et al. Construction of recreation opportunity spectrum in suburban mountain region of Beijing [J]. Prog Geogr, 2011, 30(6): 746 − 752.
[16] 蔡君. 略论游憩机会谱(Recreation Opportunity Spectrum, ROS)框架体系[J]. 中国园林, 2006(7): 73 − 77.

CAI Jun. Recreation Opportunity Spectrum (ROS) system research [J]. Chin Landscape Archit, 2006(7): 73 − 77.
[17] 李宏, 石金莲. 基于游憩机会谱(ROS)的中国国家公园经营模式研究[J]. 环境保护, 2017, 45(14): 45 − 50.

LI Hong, SHI Jinlian. Study on management models of Chinese national parks based on Recreation Opportunity Spectrum [J]. Environ Prot, 2017, 45(14): 45 − 50.
[18] 张彩红, 薛伟, 辛颖. 玉舍国家森林公园康养旅游可持续发展因素分析[J]. 浙江农林大学学报, 2020, 37(4): 769 − 777.

ZHANG Caihong, XUE Wei, XIN Ying. On sustainable development of health and wellness tourism in Yushe National Forest Park based on SWOT-AHP model [J]. J Zhejiang A&F Univ, 2020, 37(4): 769 − 777.
[19] BELNAP J. Choosing indicators of natural resource condition: a case study in Arches National Park, Utah, USA [J]. Environ Manage, 1998, 22(4): 635 − 642.
[20] 王梦桥, 王忠君. VERP理论在国家公园游憩管理中的应用及启示——以美国拱门国家公园为例[J]. 世界林业研究, 2021, 34(1): 25 − 30.

WANG Mengqiao, WANG Zhongjun. Application and enlightenment of VERP theory in recreation management of national park: taking Arch National Park as an example [J]. World For Res, 2021, 34(1): 25 − 30.
[21] 李洪义, 吴儒练, 田逢军. 近20年国内外国家公园游憩研究综述[J]. 资源科学, 2020, 42(11): 2210 − 2223.

LI Hongyi, WU Rulian, TIAN Fengjun. A review of research on national park recreation in the past 20 years [J]. Resour Sci, 2020, 42(11): 2210 − 2223.
[22] 刘晓曼, 李静, 刘玉平, 等. 自然保护区人类活动天地一体化监管与评价技术体系[J]. 中国环境科学, 2016, 36(10): 3135 − 3142.

LIU Xiaoman, LI Jing, LIU Yuping, et al. Method for supervising and assessing of human activities in nature reserve based on sky and earth [J]. China Environ Sci, 2016, 36(10): 3135 − 3142.
[23] 宋瑞. 我国生态旅游利益相关者分析[J]. 中国人口·资源与环境, 2005, 15(1): 39 − 44.

SONG Rui. Analysis on stakeholders of ecotourism in China [J]. China Popul Resour Environ, 2005, 15(1): 39 − 44.
[24] FORSTER R, LISA R. Diseminating environmental ethics and values: a study of ecotourism busines owners [J]. Tourism Rev, 2018, 54(2): 73 − 75.
[25] NOVELLI M, SCARTH A. Tourism in protected areas: integrating conservation and community development in Liwonde National Park (Malawi) [J]. Tourism Hosp Plann Dev, 2007, 4(1): 47 − 73.
[26] HANNAM K. Tourism management issues in India’s national parks: an analysis of the Rajiv Gandhi (Nagarahole) National Park [J]. Curr Issues Tourism, 2005, 8(2): 165 − 180.
[27] PETERS J. Understanding conflicts between people and parks at Ranomafana, Madagascar [J]. Agric Hum Values, 1999, 16(1): 65 − 74.
[28] 李正欢, 蔡依良, 段佳会. 利益冲突、制度安排与管理成效: 基于QCA的国外国家公园社区管理研究[J]. 旅游科学, 2019, 33(6): 46 − 61.

LI Zhenghuan, CAI Yiliang, DUAN Jiahui. On the relationship among interest conflict, institutional arrangement and management effectiveness: an QCA analysis on the community management of foreign national parks [J]. Tourism Sci, 2019, 33(6): 46 − 61.
[29] 杨劲松, 王葵. 原住民对发展当地旅游业态度的研究综述[J]. 旅游科学, 2013, 27(4): 1 − 8.

YANG Jinsong, WANG Kui. Positive or negative: a systematic review on residents’attitude toward tourism [J]. Tourism Sci, 2013, 27(4): 1 − 8.
[30] DOXEY G V. A causation theory of visitor-resident irritants: methodology, and research inferences[C]// The Impact of Tourism Sixth Annual Conference Proceedings of the Travel Research Association. San Diego: Travel and Tourism Research Association, 1975: 195−198.