[1] LAL R. Soil carbon sequestration impacts on global climatic change and food security [J]. Science, 2004, 304(5677): 1623 − 1627.
[2] 张梦旭, 刘蔚, 朱猛, 等. 甘肃河西山地土壤有机碳储量及分布特征[J]. 中国沙漠, 2019, 39(4): 64 − 72.

ZHANG Mengxu, LIU Wei, ZHU Meng, et al. Soil organic carbon storage and distribution patterns in the mountainous areas of the Hexi Region, Gansu, China [J]. J Desert Res, 2019, 39(4): 64 − 72.
[3] 陈仕奇, 吕盛, 高明, 等. 缙云山不同林分下土壤有机碳及矿化特征[J]. 环境科学, 2019, 40(2): 953 − 960.

CHEN Shiqi, LÜ Sheng, GAO Ming, et al. Characteristics of soil organic carbon and mineralization with different stands in Jinyun Mountain [J]. Environ Sci, 2019, 40(2): 953 − 960.
[4]

CHRISTENSEN B T. Matching measurable soil organic matter fractions with conceptual pools in simulation models of carbon turnover: revision of model structure [J]. Eval Soil Org Matter Models, 1996, 38: 143 − 159.
[5] 何珊琼, 孟赐福, 黄张婷, 等. 土壤植硅体碳稳定性的研究进展与展望[J]. 浙江农林大学学报, 2016, 33(3): 506 − 515.

HE Shanqiong, MENG Cifu, HUANG Zhangting, et al. Research progress and forecast of phytolith-occluded organic carbon stability in soil [J]. J Zhejiang A&F Univ, 2016, 33(3): 506 − 515.
[6] 王永吉, 吕厚远. 植物硅酸体的研究及应用简介[J]. 黄渤海海洋, 1989, 7(2): 66 − 68.

WANG Yongji, LÜ Houyuan. An introduction of study on plant opal and its uses [J]. J Oceanogr Huanghai Bohai Seas, 1989, 7(2): 66 − 68.
[7]

HARRISON C C. Evidence for intramineral macromolecules containing protein from plant silicas [J]. Phytochemistry, 1996, 41(1): 37 − 42.
[8]

EXLEY C. Silicon in life: a bioinorganic solution to biooeganic essentiality [J]. J Inorg Biochem, 1998, 69(3): 139 − 144.
[9]

CARTER J A. Atmospheric carbon isotope signatures in phytolith-occulated carbon [J]. Quaternary Int, 2009, 193(1/2): 20 − 29.
[10]

PARR J F. A comparison of heavy liquid floatation and microwave digestion techniques for the extraction of fossil phytoliths from sediments [J]. Rev Palaeobot Palynol, 2002, 120(3/4): 315 − 336.
[11]

FISHIKIS O, INGWERSEN J, STRECK T. Phytolith transport in sandy sediment: experiments and modeling [J]. Geoderma, 2009, 151(3/4): 168 − 178.
[12] 刘利丹, 介冬梅, 刘洪妍, 等. 中国东北自然土壤剖面中植硅体的垂直分布规律[J]. 微体古生物学报, 2019, 36(3): 298 − 308.

LIU Lidan, JIE Dongmei, LIU Hongyan, et al. Vertical transport of phytolith in the nature soil profiles, Northen China [J]. Acta Micropalaeontol Sin, 2019, 36(3): 298 − 308.
[13]

ZHANG Xiaodong, SONG Zhaoliang, KIM M G, et al. The impact of different forest types on phytolith-occluded carbon accumulation in subtropical forest soils [J]. J Soil Sediment, 2016, 16(2): 461 − 466.
[14]

HUANG Zhangting, LI Yongfu, JIANG Peikun, et al. Long-term intensive management increased carbon occluded in phytolith (PhytOC) in bamboo forest soils [J]. Sci Rep, 2014, 4(1): 3602.
[15] 罗东海, 王子芳, 陆畅, 等. 缙云山不同土地利用方式下土壤植硅体碳的含量特征[J]. 环境科学, 2019, 40(9): 4270 − 4277.

LUO Donghai, WANG Zifang, LU Chang, et al. Content of soil phytolith-occluded organic carbon in different land use patterns at Jinyun Mountain [J]. Environ Sci, 2019, 40(9): 4270 − 4277.
[16]

PARR J F, SULLIVAN L A. Soil carbon sequestration in phytoliths [J]. Soil Biol Biochem, 2005, 37(1): 117 − 124.
[17] 张晓东. 中国东部森林土壤中植硅体积累和硅形态分布研究[D]. 杭州: 浙江农林大学, 2016.

ZHANG Xiaodong. Research on Phytolith Accumulation and Noncrystalline Silicon Distribution of Forest Soils in East China[D]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang A&F University, 2016.
[18] 杜方旎, 介冬梅, 刘利丹, 等. 东北地区暗棕壤植硅体垂直迁移特征研究[J]. 土壤通报, 2018, 49(2): 268 − 274.

DU Fangni, JIE Dongmei, LIU Lidan, et al. The vertical transportation of phytoliths in dark brown forest soils in northeastern China [J]. Chin J Soil Sci, 2018, 49(2): 268 − 274.
[19] 于政公. 基于林龄的寒温带森林土壤植硅体及其封存效应[D]. 呼和浩特: 内蒙古大学, 2019.

YU Zhenggong. Forest Soil Phytolith and Its Storages Effcet in Cold Temperate Zone Based on Forest Age[D]. Hohhot: Inner Mongolia University, 2019.
[20]

CLARKE J. The occurrence and significance of biogenic opal in the regolith [J]. Earth Sci Rev, 2003, 60(3): 175 − 194.
[21]

BORRELLI N, OSTERRIETH M, ROMANELLI A, et al. Biogenicsilica in wetlands and their relationship with soil and groundwater biogeochemistry in the southeastern of Buenos Aires Province, Argentina [J]. Environ Earth Sci, 2012, 65(2): 469 − 480.
[22] 李自民, 宋照亮, 姜培坤. 稻田生态系统中植硅体的产生与积累: 以嘉兴稻田为例[J]. 生态学报, 2013, 33(22): 7197 − 7203.

LI Ziming, SONG Zhaoliang, JIANG Peikun. The production and accumulation of phytoliths in rice ecosystems: a case study to Jiaxing Paddy Field [J]. Acta Ecol Sin, 2013, 33(22): 7197 − 7203.
[23]

LI Zimin, SONG Zhaoliang, LI Beilei. The production and accumulation of phytolith-occluded carbon in Baiyangdian reed wetland of China [J]. Appl Geochem, 2013, 37: 117 − 124.
[24] 汝宁. 温带灌丛和沙化草地生态系统硅分布与植硅体碳汇研究[D]. 杭州: 浙江农林大学, 2015.

RU Ning. Research on Silicon Distribution and Phytolith Carbon Sequestration in Temperate Shrubland and Desertification of Grassland[D]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang A&F University, 2015.
[25] 赵玉营. 草地生态系统植硅体碳汇及其控制机制[D]. 杭州: 浙江农林大学, 2016.

ZHAO Yuying. Research on Silicon Distribution and Phytolith Carbon Sequestration of Grassland Ecosystem[D]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang A&F University, 2016.
[26] 郭颖. 内蒙古典型草原优势植物植硅体碳积累与环境关系的研究[D]. 呼和浩特: 内蒙古大学, 2019.

GUO Ying. Study on the Relationship between the Phytolith-occulded Carbon Accummulation in Dominant Plants and Environmental Factors in the Typical Steppe of Inner Mongolia[D]. Hohhot: Inner Mongolia University, 2019.
[27] 张兴旺, 李垚, 方炎明. 麻栎在中国的地理分布及潜在分布区预测[J]. 西北植物学报, 2014, 34(8): 1685 − 1692.

ZHANG Xingwang, LI Yao, FANG Yanming. Geographical distribution and prediction of potential ranges of Quercus acutissima in China [J]. Acta Bot Boreali-Occident Sin, 2014, 34(8): 1685 − 1692.
[28]

WALKLEY A, BLACK I A. An examination of the degtjareff method for determining soil organic matter, and a proposed modification of the chromic acid titration method [J]. Soil Sci, 1934, 37(1): 29 − 38.
[29] 杨杰, 李永夫, 黄张婷, 等. 碱溶分光光度法测定植硅体碳含量[J]. 分析化学, 2014, 42(9): 1389 − 1390.

YANG Jie, LI Yongfu, HUANG Zhangting, et al. Determination of phytolith-occluded carbon content using alkali dissolution-spectrophotometry [J]. Chin J Anal Chem, 2014, 42(9): 1389 − 1390.
[30] 高卓, 介冬梅, 刘利丹, 等. 东北地区土壤有效硅的时空分异及其对芦苇植硅体形成的影响[J]. 第四纪研究, 2015, 35(4): 967 − 976.

GAO Zhuo, JIE Dongmei, LIU Lidan, et al. Temporal and spatial variation of available soil silicon and its influence on the formation of phytoliths in Phramites communis in Northeast China [J]. Quaternary Sci, 2015, 35(4): 967 − 976.
[31]

FISHKIS O, INGWERSEN J, LAMERS M, et al. Phytolith transport in soil: a field study using fluorescent labeling [J]. Geoderma, 2010, 157(1/2): 27 − 36.
[32]

PIPERNO D R. Phytoliths: a comprehensive guide for archaeologists and paleoecologists [J]. Rowman Altamira, 2006, 60(4): 391.
[33] 张小娜, 冯杰. 大孔隙分布对坡地产汇流及溶质运移的影响[J]. 水土保持通报, 2014, 34(6): 22 − 26.

ZHANG Xiaona, FENG Jie. Effect of soil macropores distribution on slope runoff yield and solute transport [J]. Bull Soil Water Conserv, 2014, 34(6): 22 − 26.
[34]

YANG Xiaomin, SONG Zhaoliang, LIU Hongyan, et al. Phytolith accumulation in broadleaf and conifer forests of northern China: implications for phytolith carbon sequestration [J]. Geoderma, 2018, 312: 36 − 44.
[35] 林维雷, 应雨骐, 姜培坤, 等. 浙江南部亚热带森林土壤植硅体碳的研究[J]. 土壤学报, 2015, 52(6): 1365 − 1373.

LIN Weilei, YING Yuqi, JIANG Peikun, et al. Study on phytolith-occluded organic carbon on soil of subtropical forest of southern Zhejiang [J]. Acta Pedol Sin, 2015, 52(6): 1365 − 1373.
[36] 范呈根, 胡丹丹, 吴建富, 等. 施用钢渣粉对水稻生长与产量及重金属含量的影响[J]. 湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版), 2017, 43(2): 125 − 128.

FAN Chenggen, HU Dandan, WU Jianfu, et al. Effects of steel slag powder application on rice growth and yield and heavy metals content [J]. J Hunan Agric Univ Nat Sci, 2017, 43(2): 125 − 128.
[37]

GUO Fengshan, SONG Zhaoliang, SULLIVAN L, et al. Enhancing phytolith carbon sequestration in rice ecosystems through basalt powder amendment [J]. Sci Bull, 2015, 60(6): 1 − 7.
[38] 杨杰. 重要散生竹生态系统植硅体碳汇研究[D]. 杭州: 浙江农林大学, 2016.

YANG Jie. Phytolith-occluded Carbon Sequestration of Typical Monopodial Bamboo Ecosystems in China[D]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang A&F University, 2016.
[39] 项婷婷. 中国重要丛生竹生态系统植硅体碳汇研究[D]. 杭州: 浙江农林大学, 2015.

XIANG Tingting. Research of Phytolith-occluded Carbon Sequestration of Important Sympodial Bamboo Ecosystem in China[D]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang A&F University, 2015.
[40] 黄张婷. 雷竹生态系统植硅体封存有机碳汇研究[D]. 杭州: 浙江农林大学, 2014.

HUNAG Zhangting. Potential of Phytolith-occluded Carbon Sequestration of Phyllostachys praecox Ecosystem[D]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang A&F University, 2014.
[41]

TRÉGUER P, LEYNAERT A, QUÉGUINER, et al. The silica balance in the world ocean: a reestimate [J]. Science, 1995, 268(5209): 375 − 379.