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水稻Oryza sativa是中国乃至世界最主要的粮食作物之一,水稻的产量和品质直接影响中国的粮食安全。目前,中国水稻栽培面积稳定,约为3.02×107 hm2,稻谷总产量约2.07×104万t,有超过60%的居住人口以水稻为主要粮食,占口粮消费总量的54.7%[1-2]。然而,中国水稻栽培过程中常遭受各种环境胁迫导致产量严重降低;杂草稻Oryza sativa f. spontanea是直接影响中国水稻产量和品质的环境因素之一,其灾害随着水稻栽培方式向轻简栽培改变以及水稻栽培面积不断扩大而呈爆发趋势。本研究拟对杂草稻的起源、分类和危害进行分析和总结,并调查了中国杂草稻的发生及其原因,总结了杂草稻的主要防控措施,为今后杂草稻的全面有效防治提供理论支撑。
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