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由于经济快速发展和环境基础设施建设滞后,城市河流受到了不同程度的污染,黑臭已成为城市河流的一种普遍现象,严重影响了城市的可持续发展[1]。雨水管和污水管的混接和搭接,导致污水经由雨水管排入河流,为大部分城区河流黑臭的主要原因[2]。原位生物修复技术通过曝气增氧、投加微生物菌剂、构建生态浮床等技术对河水进行治理,因具有经济安全、对水生态系统扰动小、利于提高水体自净能力等优点,在污染河流修复中得到了广泛的应用[3-5],但对于污水排入量大、黑臭严重的河流,常规原位修复技术因注重于整体治理,实际投资过大,且效果不甚显著[6]。以河流空间为处理场所,对排入河道的主要污染源进行就地治理与控制将有效降低其对主河段的污染程度,其技术与方法逐渐成为河流原位修复的研究热点[7-8]。上庄河地处温州市蒲州街道,西北向与屿田河交界,东南向与石坦河和三郎桥河相交,全长1 300.0 m,平均宽度58.0 m,平均深度1.8 m。河水一般不流动,由于大量生活污水和工业废水及其尾水经雨水管网排入,导致河水发黑发臭,且水面泡沫较多,严重影响了两岸居民的正常生产生活;2009年上半年上庄河化学需氧量和氨氮平均为78.3 mg·L-1和16.7 mg·L-1。经污染源排查,上庄河与屿田河交汇处有一直径为1 200.0 mm的雨水管,污水流量约为900.0 m3·d-1,为上庄河最大的污染源。为了控制该雨水管所排污水对河水的污染,本试验在雨水管出水口周围构建了软隔离原位生物修复区,研究了污水经原位生物修复处理后,污水及河水溶解氧、化学需氧量、氨氮、总氮及总磷的动态变化,以期为污染河水原位生物修复提供参考和借鉴。
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