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以热塑性树脂,如高密度聚乙烯(high density polyethylene,HDPE),聚丙烯(polypropylene,PP)等作为木材胶黏剂,利用热压-冷压串联的平压工艺制备木质原料/热塑性树脂复合材料,不仅能从根源上解决游离甲醛释放的问题,而且能为热塑性树脂的回收利用提供一条新的路径[1-3]。目前,热塑性树脂已与异氰酸酯基胶黏剂、大豆基胶黏剂等共同成为环保型木材胶黏剂的重要发展方向[4-6]。热塑性树脂在一定温度下熔融后,能与多孔性的木材单板形成胶钉结合,赋予复合材料一定的强度[7],但表面自由能低、结晶度高、与木质原料相容性差,是HDPE和PP等热塑性树脂作为胶黏剂的最大缺陷,导致复合材料的耐沸水和耐高温破坏能力较弱,应用范围受限[8-9]。通过减少木质原料表面的羟基数量,或促进木质原料与热塑性树脂发生化学交联,是提高界面相容性的根本方法[10-14]。笔者前期研究发现[15]:以乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷(A-171)和引发剂过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)为改性剂制备的硅烷化杨木单板,能够与HDPE薄膜形成优良的胶接,复合材料的胶合强度、耐水性能和耐高温能力显著增强。与传统的脲醛树脂(UF)等热固性胶黏剂不同,热塑性树脂胶黏剂具有受热软化、冷却固化的特性,其对木材的胶合是其在木材表面熔融软化、流展、渗透和冷却固化的过程。因此,对于特定的热塑性树脂胶黏剂,必须确定适当的热压温度,使胶黏剂既能在木材表面充分的流展、渗透,且不会出现因黏度过低而发生过度渗透导致胶层过薄等现象,同时能够促进硅烷化木材单板与HDPE薄膜达到充分胶合状态。本研究分析了不同的热压温度对硅烷化杨木单板/HDPE薄膜复合材料性能的影响。
Properties of silane modified poplar veneer/high density polyethylene film composites with varying pressing temperatures
doi: 10.11833/j.issn.2095-0756.2016.03.016
- Received Date: 2015-05-26
- Rev Recd Date: 2015-08-30
- Publish Date: 2016-06-01
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Key words:
- wood science and technology /
- silane treatment /
- hot-pressing temperature /
- thermal stability /
- bonding interface
Abstract: To study the influence of hot-pressing temperatures on the performance of silane modified poplar veneer/high-density polyethylene (HDPE) film composites, silane modified poplar veneer/HDPE film composites were prepared using silane A-171 (vinyl trimethoxysilane) and dicumyl peroxide (DCP) as veneer modifiers with hot-pressing temperatures of 140, 150, 160, and 170 ℃. A mechanical testing machine, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and a scanning electronic microscope (SEM) were used to test the physical-mechanical properties, thermal stability, and bonding interface structure of composites. Results showed that when hot-pressing temperatures ranged from 140 ℃ to 150 ℃, obvious gaps between silane treated poplar veneer and plastic film were present. When pressing temperature increased from 140 ℃ to 160 ℃, increased (in MPa) tensile strength (1.27 to 1.89), modulus of rupture(MOR)(63.90 to 72.20) and modulus of elasticity (MOE) (5 970.00 to 6 710.00) were noted. When pressing temperature increased from 140 ℃ to 170 ℃, water absorption (WA) decreased from 72.41% to 54.22% and thickness swelling (TS) from 4.98% to 4.09%. At 130 ℃ when DCP content rose from 0 to 0.15%, the retention rate of the storage modulus increased from 62.31% to 92.01%. This also applied to the temperature for tanδmax which lagged from 144 ℃ to 200 ℃. In conclusion, silane modified poplar veneer/HDPE film composites have better physical-mechanical properties and thermal stability at 160 ℃. Because silane treated veneer can closely entangled with HDPE radicals generated by DCP under suitable pressing temperature, which contributed to forming stronger interface structure between the two phases.[Ch, 5 fig. 15 ref.]
Citation: | FANG Lu, WANG Zheng, XIONG Xianqing. Properties of silane modified poplar veneer/high density polyethylene film composites with varying pressing temperatures[J]. Journal of Zhejiang A&F University, 2016, 33(3): 483-488. doi: 10.11833/j.issn.2095-0756.2016.03.016 |