Substrate proportion for growth and N/P absorption in two-year-old container seedlings of three precious tree species

LI Jun; WANG Xiuhua; CHU Xiuli; ZHANG Dongbei; ZHOU Zhichun

doi:10.11833/j.issn.2095-0756.2017.06.011

Volume 34 Issue 6

Nov. 2017

Turn off MathJax

Article Contents

Article Navigation > Journal of Zhejiang A&F University > 2017 > 34(6): 1044-1050

LI Jun, WANG Xiuhua, CHU Xiuli, ZHANG Dongbei, ZHOU Zhichun. Substrate proportion for growth and N/P absorption in two-year-old container seedlings of three precious tree species[J]. Journal of Zhejiang A&F University, 2017, 34(6): 1044-1050. doi: 10.11833/j.issn.2095-0756.2017.06.011

Citation:

LI Jun, WANG Xiuhua, CHU Xiuli, ZHANG Dongbei, ZHOU Zhichun. Substrate proportion for growth and N/P absorption in two-year-old container seedlings of three precious tree species[J]. Journal of Zhejiang A&F University, 2017, 34(6): 1044-1050. doi: 10.11833/j.issn.2095-0756.2017.06.011

Substrate proportion for growth and N/P absorption in two-year-old container seedlings of three precious tree species

doi: 10.11833/j.issn.2095-0756.2017.06.011

1.
Forestry Seed and Seedling Station of Linhai City, Zhejiang Province, Linhai 317000, Zhejiang, China
2.
Experimental Forest Farm of Qingyuan County, Zhejiang Province, Qingyuan 323800, Zhejiang, China
3.
Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding, Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 311400, Zhejiang, China

Received Date: 2016-11-29
Rev Recd Date: 2017-02-01
Publish Date: 2017-12-20

Abstract

To analyze the effect of different substrates (S) on growth as well as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) status in the three kinds of trees, two-year-old container seedlings of Phoebe chekiangensis, Cinnamomum chekiangense, and Taxus wallichiana var.mairei were used as the objective material. The seedlings were cultured in substrates S1 (45% peat, 40% rice husk and 15% mud) and S2 (35% peat, 40% rice husk and 25% mud) with single factor randomized block design. Three replications for them were carried for each treatments. And their growth data for the two treatments were tested by T test analysis in SPSS 18.0. Results showed that P. chekiangensis cultivated with S1 grew better than S2 with height of 88.91 cm (6.61 cm larger than S2) (P=0.034) and stem biomass of 23.35 g (3.39 g larger than S2) (P=0.020). Compared to S1, growth of C. chekiangense and T. wallichiana var. mairei cultivated with S2 was better with diameter at ground 1.3 m of 9.08 mm (larger by 11.5%) (P=0.020) and stem biomass of 9.21 g (larger by 27.2%) (P=0.040) for C. chekiangense; whereas, for T. wallichiana var. mairei, biomass was 29.70 g (larger by 22.7%) (P=0.010). The effect of S2 on root length (P=0.010), root surface area(P=0.002), root diameter(P=0.001), and root volume(P < 0.01) for T. wallichiana var. mairei was larger than S1 by more than 34.5% for each factor. With S2 the N (489.66 mg) (P=0.001) and P (26.86 mg) (P=0.001) content of C. chekiangense, and the N (559.13 mg) (P < 0.001) and P (42.81 mg) (P < 0.001) of T. wallichiana var. mairei were higher than that of S1. However, nutrition absorption of P. chekiangensis did not display differences between the substrates. So, for large container seedlings of these three precious trees, according to both growth and nutrition absorption results, P. chekiangensis would grow better cultivated with S1 which contains more peat and less mud; whereas, C. chekiangense and T. wallichiana var. mairei should be planted with S2 which contains less peat and more mud thereby taking into account the special characteristics of each tree.
- silviculture,
- Phoebe chekiangensis,
- Cinnamomum chekiangense,
- Taxus wallichiana var.mairei,
- two-year-old container seedlings,
- substrate proportion,
- N/P absorption

Relative Article

[1]	ZHOU Shengcai, WU Renchao, WU Weijian, YE Qing, WU Xiaolin, ZHANG Dongbei, LOU Luhuan, TONG Zaikang, WU Qing, WU Yiwei, LAI Xiaolin. Investigation of wild resources of Phoebe in Qingyuan County, Zhejiang Province . Journal of Zhejiang A&F University, 2022, 39(3): 524-530. doi: 10.11833/j.issn.2095-0756.20200523
[2]	WANG Xiao, WANG Yinglin, WEI Xiaoli, WU Gaoyin. Growth, physiology and nutrient accumulation of Phoebe bournei seedlings under different amount of exponential nitrogen fertilization . Journal of Zhejiang A&F University, 2020, 37(3): 514-521. doi: 10.11833/j.issn.2095-0756.20190259
[3]	ZHANG Dongbei, WANG Xiuhua, ZHOU Shengcai, WU Xiaolin, CHU Xiuli, ZHOU Zhichun. Response of masson pine container seedlings from different families to substrate proportion and control released fertilizer . Journal of Zhejiang A&F University, 2019, 36(5): 1044-1050. doi: 10.11833/j.issn.2095-0756.2019.05.026
[4]	CHEN Han, ZHANG Chao, YU Shuquan. Potential distribution area of Taxus chinensis var. mairei in Liandu District based on a Stacking algorithm . Journal of Zhejiang A&F University, 2019, 36(3): 494-500. doi: 10.11833/j.issn.2095-0756.2019.03.009
[5]	TONG Jing, LIU Kefeng, SUN Xiangyang, LI Suyan, ZHANG Xiufang. Nitrogen nutrient solutions for growth of Salvia splendens'Chengxiang Gongzhu' with N, P and K absorption . Journal of Zhejiang A&F University, 2017, 34(3): 465-472. doi: 10.11833/j.issn.2095-0756.2017.03.012
[6]	OU Jiande, WU Zhizhuang. Growth and stem form quality with pruning in Taxus wallichiana var. mairei . Journal of Zhejiang A&F University, 2017, 34(1): 104-111. doi: 10.11833/j.issn.2095-0756.2017.01.015
[7]	OU Jiande, WU Zhizhuang. Excellent families and plus trees of Taxus wallichiana var. mairei for landscaping . Journal of Zhejiang A&F University, 2016, 33(1): 102-108. doi: 10.11833/j.issn.2095-0756.2016.01.014
[8]	WU Yajing, BI Jun, LI Qiuyan, GAO Hongzhen. Selection of shiitake residue substrate size formula screening for Pinus tabuliformis container seedlings . Journal of Zhejiang A&F University, 2015, 32(3): 483-487. doi: 10.11833/j.issn.2095-0756.2015.03.023
[9]	CHEN Wen, WANG Jing, YE Zhengqian, FEI Xinghai, SUN Zhen, WANG Guoming. Responses of Cinnamomum japonicum var. chenii growth and nutrient uptake to fertilization . Journal of Zhejiang A&F University, 2014, 31(3): 358-365. doi: 10.11833/j.issn.2095-0756.2014.03.005
[10]	ZHOU Shengcai, HUANG Huahong, TONG Zaikang, WU Xiaolin. Optimization of an AFLP protocol with four Phoebe species . Journal of Zhejiang A&F University, 2013, 30(5): 789-796. doi: 10.11833/j.issn.2095-0756.2013.05.024
[11]	YUAN Dong-ming, LIN Lei, YAN Chun-feng, ZHOU Zhi-chun. Seedling container selection for important ecological and economic afforestation species in Zhejiang Province . Journal of Zhejiang A&F University, 2011, 28(1): 95-102. doi: 10.11833/j.issn.2095-0756.2011.01.015
[12]	LIU Wei, CHEN Zheng-jin, LI Yin-gang, ZHANG Xian-xiang, ZHOU Shan-sen. Light medium formulas for container seedlings of three broadleaf tree species . Journal of Zhejiang A&F University, 2010, 27(5): 803-808. doi: 10.11833/j.issn.2095-0756.2010.05.028
[13]	ZENG Yu-li, LIN Xin-chun, GUI Ren-yi, ZHANG Cui-ping, HUANG Li-chun. Regeneration of Taxus chinensis var. mairei from adventitious bud formation using an in vitro embryo culture . Journal of Zhejiang A&F University, 2010, 27(4): 614-619. doi: 10.11833/j.issn.2095-0756.2010.04.023
[14]	LIN Xia, ZHENG Jian, CHEN Qiu-xia, ZHANG Qing-liang. Container seedling substrate with a light medium for Ficus concinna var. subsessilis . Journal of Zhejiang A&F University, 2008, 25(3): 401-404.
[15]	WU Jia-sen, ZHANG Li-qin, WU Jin-cai, WU Chang-yi, CHEN Rong. Macronutrients and allocations to different organs in one-to three-year-old Taxus chinensis var. mairei . Journal of Zhejiang A&F University, 2008, 25(2): 195-199.
[16]	YU Ci-ying, LI Xiu-peng, YUAN Yan-fei, CHEN Ye-ping, LI Wan-xing, MIAO Ling-xia. Ex-situ island cultivation and propagation techniques for Taxus chinensis var. mairei . Journal of Zhejiang A&F University, 2008, 25(1): 60-64.
[17]	WANG Yue-sheng, ZHOU Zhi-chun, JIN Guo-qin, HONG Gui-mu, WANG Hui. Growth of Taxus chinensis var .mairei for container seedlings in different media mixtures and for bare-root versus container seedlings in a young stand . Journal of Zhejiang A&F University, 2007, 24(5): 643-646.
[18]	SHI Fu-qiang, ZHOU Feng-lin. Container seedling classification of Ormosia yunnanensis . Journal of Zhejiang A&F University, 2006, 23(6): 651-655.
[19]	LI Dong-lin, JIN Ya-qin, XIANG Qi-bai. Study of growth rhythm of reserved seedlings of Phoebe chekiangensis . Journal of Zhejiang A&F University, 2004, 21(3): 349-352.
[20]	TAO Ji-xing. A study of matching species with the site in island areas of Zhejiang . Journal of Zhejiang A&F University, 2003, 20(4): 346-352.

References

[1]	MA Changgen. The current research and production of container seedlings in the world and the development strategy in China[J]. World For Res, 1994, 7(5):33-39.
[2]	LI Guiyu, WEI Xing, TANG Yuanyuan, et al. Growth and nutrient content of Betula platyphylla container seedling in different light media[J]. Sci Silv Sin, 2016, 52(7):30-37.
[3]	TIMMER V R, MILER B D. Effects of contrasting fertilization and moisture regimes on biomass nutrients and water relations of container grown red pine seedlings[J]. New For, 1991, 5(4):335-348.
[4]	MA Xuehong, HU Genchang, FENG Jianguo, et al. Comparison on the substrate and container size of container nursery of Schima superba[J]. For Res, 2010, 23(4):505-509.
[5]	ZHOU Zhichun, LIU Qinghua, HU Genchang, et al. Scheme optimization of light substrate for container seedlings of three precious timber tree species[J]. Sci Silv Sin, 2011, 47(10):172-178.
[6]	LIU Fangchun, MA Hailin, MA Bingyao, et al. Effect of super absorbent polymer on container seedling growth of Fraxinus chinensis and the nutrient and dry matter accumulation[J]. Sci Silv Sin, 2011, 47(9):62-68.
[7]	CHU Xiuli, ZHANG Shougong, SUN Xiaomei, et al. Mineral nutrition efficiency of controlled release fertilizers in net container seedlings of Larix kampferi Sarg.[J]. J Beijing For Univ, 2012, 34(6):47-54.
[8]	DENG Huaping, YANG Guijuan, WANG Zhengchao, et al. Research status on cultivating techniques of big container seedlings[J]. World For Res, 2011, 24(2):36-41.
[9]	WANG Yi, WANG Xiuhua, ZHANG Lizhen, et al. Effects of different cultivation substrates on growth and root system development of container seedlings of Phoebe chekiangensis and P. bournei[J]. J Plant Resour Environ, 2013, 22(3):81-87.
[10]	WANG Yi, WANG Xiuhua, WU Xiaolin, et al. Effects of slow-release fertilizer loading on growth and construction of nutrients reserves of Phoebe chekiangensis and Phoebe bournei container seedlings[J]. Sci Silv Sin, 2013, 49(12):57-63.
[11]	XIAO Yao, CHU Xiuli, WANG Xiuhua, et al. Effect of slow release fertilizer loading on growth and N, P accumulation of container-growing seedlings for three precious trees species[J]. For Res, 2015, 28(6):781-787.
[12]	JIANG Yueli, SHI Jinlin, LI Zhuying. Effect of different substrate compositions on the seedlings of Eustoma grandiflorum[J]. Chin Agric Sci Bull, 2010, 26(15):286-290.
[13]	WANG Yuesheng, ZHOU Zhichun, JIN Guoqing, et al. Growth of Taxus chinensis var. mairei for container seedlings in different media mixtures and for bare-root versus container seedlings in a young stand[J]. J Zhejiang For Coll, 2007, 24(5):643-646.
[14]	RIKALA R, HEISKANEN J, LAHTI M. Autumn fertilization in the nursery affects growth of Picea abies container seedlings after transplanting[J]. Scand J For Res, 2004, 19(5):409-414.
[15]	HEISKANEN J, LAHTI M, LUORANEN J, et al. Nutrient loading has a transitory effect on the nitrogen status and growth of outplanted Norway spruce seedlings[J]. Silv Fenn, 2009, 43(2):249-260.
[16]	CHEN Lin, ZENG Jie, XU Daping, et al. Effects of exponential nitrogen loading on growth and foliar nutrient status of Betula alnoides seedlings[J]. Sci Silv Sin, 2010, 46(5):35-40.
[17]	YU Qinmin, XU Fuli, WANG Weiling. Effect of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization on biomass and nutrient distribution of Cunninghamia lanceolata seedlings[J]. J Plant Nutr Fert, 2014, 20(1):118-128.
[18]	GÜWELL S. N:P ratios in terrestrial plants:variation and functional significance[J]. New Phytol, 2004, 164(2):243-266.
[19]	NIKLAS K J. Plant allometry, leaf nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry, and interspecific trends in annual growth rates[J]. Ann Bot, 2006, 97(2):155-163.
[20]	YAN Zhengbing, KIM Namyoung, HAN Tingshen, et al. Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization on leaf carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry of Arabidopsis thaliana[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2013, 37(6):551-557.
[21]	WANG Jiaxi, LI Guolei, SUN Long, et al. Rewiew on internal cycling of nitrogen in woody plants[J]. World For Res, 2014, 27(4):24-29.
[22]	ELLIOTT K J, WHITE A S. Effects of light, nitrogen, and phosphorus on red pine seedling growth and nutrient use efficiency[J]. For Sci, 1994, 40(1):47-58.
[23]	RUFAT J, DEJONG T M. Changes in fine root production and longevity in relation to water and nutrient availability in a Norway spruce stand in Northern Sweden[J]. Tree Physiol, 2001, 21(14):1057-1061.
[24]	JONSDOTTIR R J, SIGURDSSON B D, LINDSTRÖM A. Effects of nutrient loading and fertilization at planting on growth and nutrient status of Lutz spruce (Picea×lutzii) seedlings during the first growing season in Iceland[J]. Scand J For Res, 2013, 28(7):631-641.

Proportional views

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

Figures(3) / Tables(2)

Get Citation

PDF

XML

Article views(3136) PDF downloads(403) Cited by()

Proportional views

HTML

珍贵木材是国家的战略资源，加强珍贵木材资源的培育是尽快缓解和解决中国珍贵用材缺口及主要依靠进口的唯一途径。浙江楠Phoebe chekiangensis，浙江樟Cinnamomum chekiangense和南方红豆杉Taxus wallichiana var. mairei等均为中国南方省区重点发展的珍贵树种，其中浙江楠和浙江樟材质优良、树干通直，树形美观，也适合做行道树及园林绿化树种。南方红豆杉被列为国家一级珍稀濒危保护植物，集聚药用、材用和观赏等多种价值。目前，国内外广泛采用容器苗造林^[1]，对1年生容器苗的培育技术已臻成熟^[2-7]。然而，珍贵树种早期生长较慢，中国南方对珍贵树种1年生容器苗造林实践表明：珍贵树种在造林初期竞争不过杂草，造林效果较差，而且抚育成本较高，因此，生产上急需突破珍贵树种2年生容器大苗培育的关键技术，实现珍贵树种大规格容器苗造林。基质配比是容器苗培育的关键因素之一^{[2, 8]}。本课题组对珍贵常绿阔叶树种容器苗基质配比的多次对比试验表明：V（泥炭）:V（谷壳）为8:2或V（泥炭）:V（树皮粉）为7︰3的基质配方较适宜于浙江楠和南方红豆杉当年生容器苗的生长^{[5, 9-10]}。为降低生产成本，李贵雨等^[2]就本地废料优选出适于北方白桦Betula platyphylla 1年生容器苗的轻型基质。而2年生容器苗生长习性不同于1年生苗木^[11]，尤其对于珍贵常绿阔叶树种，2年生苗木的苗体质量大，要求基质选配不仅能满足生产成本、苗木生长发育需求，还需保证容器苗的站立、防风倒等目的。基于此，本研究旨在解决浙江楠等3种珍贵常绿阔叶树种2年生容器苗较适宜的基质配比问题，为优质大规格容器苗育苗基质选配提供理论依据。

1. 材料和方法

1.1. 试验地概况和试验材料

试验在浙江省庆元县实验林场的钢构自控荫棚内进行，棚内装有自动喷雾和通风设备，棚高2.2 m。地理位置为27°38′48″N，119°01′25″E，海拔为510 m。亚热带季风气候，温暖湿润，年平均气温为17.6 ℃，年均降水量为1 721.3 mm，无霜期为245 d。

该实验林场2014年培育的优质浙江楠、浙江樟和南方红豆杉1年生轻基质容器苗，其平均苗高分别为30，30和25 cm，平均地径分别为5.0，4.0和3.0 mm。2015年3月底，将该批苗木移栽于15 cm × 20 cm大规格无纺布美植袋中，培育成2年生容器苗作为实验材料。

育苗基质为按一定比例混匀的泥炭、谷壳和黄心土。泥炭为东北泥炭，其全氮为14.2 g·kg^-1，全磷0.7 g·kg^-1，全钾2.7 g·kg^-1，纤维200.0 g·kg^-1，pH值6.0，粗灰分158.0 g·kg^-1，有机质720.9 g·kg^-1，总腐植酸381.8 g·kg^-1，干密度0.3 kg·m^-3；黄心土为庆元县林地黄泥，其全氮为1.7 g·kg^-1，磷0.3 g·kg^-1和钾5.4 g·kg^-1，有机质为54.5 g·kg^-1。基质中添加的缓释肥为美国生产的爱贝施（Apex）长效缓释肥，其氮为180.0 g·kg^-1，磷为80.0 g·kg^-1，钾为80.0 g·kg^-1，肥效9个月。

苗木移栽当天浇透水，生长期间，雨天注意容器排水，其他天气每天早晚喷雾10~15 min，保持美植袋容器基质湿润；夏季高温时段棚顶覆盖70%透光率的遮阳网；整个生长季注意圃地和容器内除草；交替使用波尔多液、多菌灵、百菌清、甲基硫菌灵预防病虫害，10~15 d喷洒1次。

1.2. 试验设计

本研究设置2种体积配比育苗基质，分别为45%泥炭+40%谷壳+15%黄心土（S1）和35%泥炭+40%谷壳+25%黄心土（S2）；缓释肥加载量为3.5 kg·m^-3。按单因素完全随机区组试验设计，3个树种，则共6个处理，重复3次，10袋·重复^-1，1株·袋^-1，共180株。

1.3. 材料处理和数据分析

2015年11月18日，测量各处理2年生容器苗生长量并进行全株收获，各处理每重复随机选取4株，将根、茎、叶分开，用WinRHIZO STD 1600+型根系图像分析系统（加拿大REGENT公司）测定根系长度、根表面积及根体积等参数，然后各器官经105 ℃杀青30 min，在80 ℃下烘干至恒量，测定其干物质量。称取各部位干样，采用硫酸-双氧水法进行消煮，凯氏定氮仪测定氮质量分数，钼锑抗比色法测定磷质量分数^[10]。

采用Excel软件进行数据处理及制图，运用SPSS 18.0软件进行t检验。

3. 结论与讨论

基质选配明显影响3种珍贵树种2年生容器苗的生长。S1基质能较好地促进浙江楠容器苗生长，尤其苗高显著高于S2基质，并积累较多的生物量。S1基质泥炭比例相对较高（体积分数为45%），因泥炭的土壤持水量最高，保水能力最强^[12]，故S1基质持水量较高，更适宜于浙江楠等对水分要求高的树种生长^[5]。浙江樟和南方红豆杉的生长性状则均在S2基质下表现较优。S2基质泥炭比例相对较低（体积分数为35%），则更适宜于南方红豆杉等对水分要求高又怕水湿的树种生长^[5]。可见，育苗基质配比显著影响容器苗的生长^[13]，且不同树种及处于不同生长阶段的同种树种^[11]生长的基质效应也不同。不同基质配比间浙江楠和浙江樟各根系发育指标差异不明显，表明2个树种根系对本设定基质中泥炭和黄心土的比例变化不甚敏感。而南方红豆杉根系生长在2种基质配比间表现出较大的差异，其根系在S2基质下生长较好，可能原因为南方红豆杉为肉质根系，S2基质泥炭比例较低，则S2持水量相对较少，其透气性相对较强，更适宜肉质根植物生长。另外，基质选配对3树种2年生容器苗根冠比的影响均不显著，表明所选基质及配比具有良好的水、肥、气和热等条件^[2]，并未影响苗木地上和地下的生物量分配。据此，在不影响容器苗质量的前提下，选配基质尽可能降低成本。

增加苗木养分含量将会有效提高其造林成活率及早期生长^{[6, 14-16]}。本研究中3种珍贵树种2年生容器苗养分吸收的基质效应不同。浙江楠整株苗木对养分吸收在2种基质下差异不显著，但其茎氮质量分数在S2基质下较高，其根磷质量则在S1基质下较高。S1基质中较高含量的泥炭及较低比例的黄心土使得基质磷质量较高^[5]，促进了容器苗根系对磷的吸收^[17]；相反，S2基质泥炭比例降低和黄心土比例升高，使得基质中氮质量降低，可能促进浙江楠养分储存器官茎对氮的富集。浙江樟和南方红豆杉容器苗对氮和磷吸收的基质效应显著，2个树种容器苗氮和磷质量在S2基质下显著较S1基质高。可见，基质的养分状况直接影响容器苗对氮、磷等养分的吸收^[18]，且养分的吸收与树种特性本身亦关系密切^[19-21]。此外，容器苗养分吸收受施肥量及施肥养分比例的影响更大^{[11, 18, 22-24]}。

综合生长和养分吸收，浙江楠较适于S1基质，浙江樟和南方红豆杉较适于S2基质，即培育浙江楠2年生容器苗宜选择泥炭比例较高的基质，而浙江樟和南方红豆杉则宜选择泥炭比例较低的基质。

Reference (24)

[1]	马常耕. 世界容器苗研究、生产现状和我国发展对策[J]. 世界林业研究, 1994, 7(5): 33-39.	MA Changgen. The current research and production of container seedlings in the world and the development strategy in China[J]. World For Res, 1994, 7(5): 33-39.
[2]	李贵雨, 卫星, 汤园园. 白桦不同轻基质容器苗生长及养分分析[J]. 林业科学, 2016, 52(7): 30-37.	LI Guiyu, WEI Xing, TANG Yuanyuan. Growth and nutrient content of Betula platyphylla container seedling in different light media[J]. Sci Silv Sin, 2016, 52(7): 30-37.
[3]	TIMMER V R, MILER B D. Effects of contrasting fertilization and moisture regimes on biomass nutrients and water relations of container grown red pine seedlings[J]. New For, 1991, 5(4): 335-348. doi: 10.1007/BF00118861
[4]	马雪红, 胡根长, 冯建国. 基质配比、缓释肥量和容器规格对木荷容器苗质量的影响[J]. 林业科学研究, 2010, 23(4): 505-509.	MA Xuehong, HU Genchang, FENG Jianguo. Comparison on the substrate and container size of container nursery of Schima superba[J]. For Res, 2010, 23(4): 505-509.
[5]	周志春, 刘青华, 胡根长. 3种珍贵用材树种轻基质网袋容器育苗方案优选[J]. 林业科学, 2011, 47(10): 172-178. doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20111027	ZHOU Zhichun, LIU Qinghua, HU Genchang. Scheme optimization of light substrate for container seedlings of three precious timber tree species[J]. Sci Silv Sin, 2011, 47(10): 172-178. doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20111027
[6]	刘方春, 马海林, 马丙尧. 容器基质育苗中保水剂对白蜡生长及养分和干物质积累的影响[J]. 林业科学, 2011, 47(9): 62-68. doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20110911	LIU Fangchun, MA Hailin, MA Bingyao. Effect of super absorbent polymer on container seedling growth of Fraxinus chinensis and the nutrient and dry matter accumulation[J]. Sci Silv Sin, 2011, 47(9): 62-68. doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20110911
[7]	楚秀丽, 张守攻, 孙晓梅. 日本落叶松容器苗不同控释肥营养元素效应分析[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2012, 34(6): 47-54.	CHU Xiuli, ZHANG Shougong, SUN Xiaomei. Mineral nutrition efficiency of controlled release fertilizers in net container seedlings of Larix kampferi Sarg[J]. J Beijing For Univ, 2012, 34(6): 47-54.
[8]	邓华平, 杨桂娟, 王正超. 容器大苗培育技术研究现状[J]. 世界林业研究, 2011, 24(2): 36-41.	DENG Huaping, YANG Guijuan, WANG Zhengchao. Research status on cultivating techniques of big container seedlings[J]. World For Res, 2011, 24(2): 36-41.
[9]	王艺, 王秀花, 张丽珍. 不同栽培基质对浙江楠和闽楠容器苗生长和根系发育的影响[J]. 植物资源与环境学报, 2013, 22(3): 81-87.	WANG Yi, WANG Xiuhua, ZHANG Lizhen. Effects of different cultivation substrates on growth and root system development of container seedlings of Phoebe chekiangensis and P. bournei[J]. J Plant Resour Environ, 2013, 22(3): 81-87.
[10]	王艺, 王秀花, 吴小林. 缓释肥加载对浙江楠和闽楠容器苗生长和养分库构建的影响[J]. 林业科学, 2013, 49(12): 57-63.	WANG Yi, WANG Xiuhua, WU Xiaolin. Effects of slow-release fertilizer loading on growth and construction of nutrients reserves of Phoebe chekiangensis and Phoebe bournei container seedlings[J]. Sci Silv Sin, 2013, 49(12): 57-63.
[11]	肖遥, 楚秀丽, 王秀花. 缓释肥加载对3种珍贵树种大规格容器苗生长和N、P库构建的影响[J]. 林业科学研究, 2015, 28(6): 781-787.	XIAO Yao, CHU Xiuli, WANG Xiuhua. Effect of slow release fertilizer loading on growth and N, P accumulation of container-growing seedlings for three precious trees species[J]. For Res, 2015, 28(6): 781-787.
[12]	姜跃丽, 师进霖, 李竹英. 不同的基质配比对洋桔梗育苗的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2010, 26(15): 286-290.	JIANG Yueli, SHI Jinlin, LI Zhuying. Effect of different substrate compositions on the seedlings of Eustoma grandiflorum[J]. Chin Agric Sci Bull, 2010, 26(15): 286-290.
[13]	王月生, 周志春, 金国庆. 基质配比对南方红豆杉容器苗及其移栽生长的影响[J]. 浙江林学院学报, 2007, 24(5): 643-646.	WANG Yuesheng, ZHOU Zhichun, JIN Guoqing. Growth of Taxus chinensis var. mairei for container seedlings in different media mixtures and for bare-root versus container seedlings in a young stand[J]. J Zhejiang For Coll, 2007, 24(5): 643-646.
[14]	RIKALA R, HEISKANEN J, LAHTI M. Autumn fertilization in the nursery affects growth of Picea abies container seedlings after transplanting[J]. Scand J For Res, 2004, 19(5): 409-414. doi: 10.1080/02827580410030190
[15]	HEISKANEN J, LAHTI M, LUORANEN J. Nutrient loading has a transitory effect on the nitrogen status and growth of outplanted Norway spruce seedlings[J]. Silv Fenn, 2009, 43(2): 249-260.
[16]	陈琳, 曾杰, 徐大平. 氮素营养对西南桦幼苗生长及叶片养分状况的影响[J]. 林业科学, 2010, 46(5): 35-40. doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20100506	CHEN Lin, ZENG Jie, XU Daping. Effects of exponential nitrogen loading on growth and foliar nutrient status of Betula alnoides seedlings[J]. Sci Silv Sin, 2010, 46(5): 35-40. doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20100506
[17]	于钦民, 徐福利, 王渭玲. 氮、磷肥对杉木幼苗生物量及养分分配的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2014, 20(1): 118-128. doi: 10.11674/zwyf.2014.0113	YU Qinmin, XU Fuli, WANG Weiling. Effect of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization on biomass and nutrient distribution of Cunninghamia lanceolata seedlings[J]. J Plant Nutr Fert, 2014, 20(1): 118-128. doi: 10.11674/zwyf.2014.0113
[18]	GÜWELL S. N:P ratios in terrestrial plants:variation and functional significance[J]. New Phytol, 2004, 164(2): 243-266. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01192.x
[19]	NIKLAS K J. Plant allometry, leaf nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry, and interspecific trends in annual growth rates[J]. Ann Bot, 2006, 97(2): 155-163. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcj021
[20]	严正兵, 金南瑛, 韩廷申. 氮磷施肥对拟南芥叶片碳氮磷化学计量特征的影响[J]. 植物生态学报, 2013, 37(6): 551-557.	YAN Zhengbing, KIM Namyoung, HAN Tingshen. Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization on leaf carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry of Arabidopsis thaliana[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2013, 37(6): 551-557.
[21]	王佳茜, 李国雷, 孙龙. 木本植物氮素内循环研究综述[J]. 世界林业研究, 2014, 27(4): 24-29.	WANG Jiaxi, LI Guolei, SUN Long. Rewiew on internal cycling of nitrogen in woody plants[J]. World For Res, 2014, 27(4): 24-29.
[22]	ELLIOTT K J, WHITE A S. Effects of light, nitrogen, and phosphorus on red pine seedling growth and nutrient use efficiency[J]. For Sci, 1994, 40(1): 47-58.
[23]	RUFAT J, DEJONG T M. Changes in fine root production and longevity in relation to water and nutrient availability in a Norway spruce stand in Northern Sweden[J]. Tree Physiol, 2001, 21(14): 1057-1061. doi: 10.1093/treephys/21.14.1057
[24]	JONSDOTTIR R J, SIGURDSSON B D, LINDSTRÖM A. Effects of nutrient loading and fertilization at planting on growth and nutrient status of Lutz spruce (Picea×lutzii) seedlings during the first growing season in Iceland[J]. Scand J For Res, 2013, 28(7): 631-641. doi: 10.1080/02827581.2013.824503

树种	基质	根生物量/g	茎生物量/g	叶生物量/g	全株生物量/g	根冠比
浙江楠	S1	14.16 ± 2.58 a	23.35 ± 4.37 a	17.43 ± 4.16 a	54.93 ± 6.60 a	0.35 ± 0.07 a
	S2	14.03 ± 2.93 a	19.96 ± 5.47 b	17.25 ± 4.40 a	51.24 ± 8.10 a	0.38 ± 0.07 a
浙江樟	S1	6.70 ± 2.01 a	7.24 ± 2.83 b	8.73 ± 2.14 a	22.67 ± 5.60 a	0.42 ± 0.09 a
	S2	7.09 ± 1=55 a	9.21 ± 3.52 a	8.88 ± 2.46 a	25.18 ± 5.54 a	0.39 ± 0.12 a
南方红豆杉	S1	6.49 ± 2.82 b	8.88 ± 4.05 b	7.59 ± 3.14 b	22.96 ± 8.29 b	0.39 ± 0.11 a
	S2	8.47 ± 2.66 a	11.57 ± 4.43 a	9.66 ± 3.30 a	29.70 ± 8.67 a	0.40 ± 0.13 a
说明：表中相同树种同列中不同字母表示差异显著（P＜0.05）。

树种	基质	总长/cm	总表面积/cm²	平均直径/mm	总体积/cm³
浙江楠	S1	2 744.84 ± 583.13 a	791.92 ± 181.49 a	3.69 ± 0.87 a	19.16 ± 4.59 a
	S2	2 619.16 ± 499.33 a	752.28 ± 143.40 a	3.56 ± 0.87 a	17.86 ± 3.78 a
浙江樟	S1	2 613.62 ± 1 077.98 a	834.65 ± 313.74 a	3.46 ± 0.99 a	21.60 ± 7.77 a
	S2	2 663.23 ± 892.17 a	809.03 ± 272.62 a	3.14 ± 1.08 a	19.82 ± 7.01 a
南方红豆杉	S1	2 324.08 ± 1 111.07 b	814.28 ± 367.66 b	3.67 ± 1.45 b	22.99 ± 9.92 b
	S2	3 127.90 ± 950.51 a	1 142.11 ± 328.73 a	5.21 ± 1.43 a	33.48 ± 9.35 a
说明：表中相同树种同列中不同字母表示差异显著（P＜0.05）。

Substrate proportion for growth and N/P absorption in two-year-old container seedlings of three precious tree species

doi: 10.11833/j.issn.2095-0756.2017.06.011