摘要:
多疣狭口蛙Kaloula verrucosa 于雨季前出蛰, 雨季结束后即入眠, 生活习性较其他无尾类特殊。为探寻该蛙的繁殖习性, 以野外定点观察和实验室剖检相结合, 研究其繁殖生态。结果表明, 多疣狭口蛙繁殖时间与雨季来临迟早、雨季持续时间及降水时间间隔等因子相关。其抱对产卵行为多发生于夜间至翌日上午。繁殖前、繁殖期和繁殖后的雌雄性比分别为1∶4 , 1∶7 和3∶2 。繁殖期的产卵量与雌性个体体长呈极显著关系。体长大于47 mm 的雌性个体每年产卵2 次, 而小于47 mm 的个体产卵1 次。卵分批产出, 每批约30 粒左右, 产卵持续时间长短受人类活动影响。作者认为, 繁殖过程中雌雄性比的变化与雄蛙多次进入繁殖场和入眠时间较早有关。少量多次产卵是为避免水塘干涸造成卵与蝌蚪大批量死亡的一种适应。卵呈漂浮状, 有利于孵化和加速发育, 避免临时水塘干涸对其种群生存的威胁。多疣狭口蛙与北方狭口蛙Kaloula borealis , 四川狭口蛙Kaloula rugifera 的繁殖习性相似, 但由于各物种的生态行为的分离和抗干扰能力的差异, 也表现出北方狭口蛙产卵不受人为干扰的影响。表4 参15
关键词:
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动物学 /
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生态学 /
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多疣狭口蛙 /
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繁殖生态 /
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出蛰 /
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入眠
Abstract:
Frogs of Kaloula verrucosa annually are revival before rainy season beginning and hibernate after rainy season ended .Their habit is especial compared with other species of anuran .In order to know the reproductive behaviour of Kaloula verrucosa , its reproductive ecology is studied by observation in field and dissection in lab . The results indicate that the reproductive period of Kaloula verrucosa is related to the beginning of rainy season , duration and interval of raining etc .They usually mate and spawn from the night to the morning of next day .The sexual ratio at pre-reproductive , reproductive and post-reproductive periods is 1∶4 and 1∶7 and 3∶2 .There is notable relation between the spawn quantity and the body length of female in reproductive periods .The females whose body length is larger than 47 mm annually spawn twice , then smaller than 47 mm only spawn once .Eggs are laid in batches and each batch only includes about 30 eggs .Spawn time can be influenced by the activities of human being .The authors consider that sexual ratio changes of Kaloula verrucosa are related to that males enter reproductive places several times during reproduction and that males hibernate earlier than females .That laying a small quantity of eggs each batch and laying eggs several times during reproduction is an adaptive behavior for avoiding death of a mass of eggs and tadpoles caused by seasonal pond drying up .Floating eggs are in favor of hatching and accelerate growth , which can avoid the menace of population survival caused by temporary pond drying up .The reproductive habits among Kaloula verrucosa , K .boreals and K .rugifera resemble .There is also dissimilarity of habits among three different species because separation of their ecological behavior and the discrepancy of the abi1ity of interference rejection , such as frogs of K .boreals aren't affected by human activity during spawn .[ Ch , 4 tab .15 ref .]
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