Keywords: 
• zoology /
• species diversity /
• density /
• variety law /
• Qingshan Lake

Abstract: An avian study was carried out at Qingshan Lake in Zhejiang Province from September 2006 to August 2007 and analyzed with richness，diversity，and evenness indexes（Ludwig and Reynolds）. Altogether，5 469 individuals and 79 species were observed belonging to 12 orders and 30 families （33 oriental，32 palaearctic，and 14 widespread species），in which 5 species were second-class，protected wild animals in China. Of all the birds，migrants （41 species，51.9%） outnumbered residents （38 species，48.1%）. Owing to excellent natural conditions，the avian community had high richness，diversity，and evenness indexes with 36 species of water birds （45.6%） and 43 species of forest birds （54.4%）. March had the lowest richness and diversity indexes（2.417 and 1.350） with the highest dominant index（0.463） whereas May was the opposite. March also exhibited the lowest evenness index（0.477） with July having the highest（0.845）. The average density of all birds at Qingshan Lake was 19.23 individualskm－2 with the greatest density （26.20 individualskm－2，47 species） in winter and the lowest density（11.94 individualskm－2，33 species） in summer. Results showed six dominant species （7.6%）；15 frequent species （19.0%）；35 seldom found species （44.3%），and 23 rare species （29.1%）. Thus，avian diversity was lowest in March and highest in May. Also，due to the high percentage of species in danger of survival，avian conservation and management should be strengthened at Qingshan Lake.［Ch，4 fig. 3 tab. 22 ref.］