Analysis and evaluation of growth and wood fiber characters of seven poplar clones in southern China
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摘要:
目的 分析杨树Populus无性系间纤维性状差异及与生长性状的相关性，为杨树无性系优质材定向培育与选择利用提供基础信息和指导。 方法 选择树干通直，生长量大的7个杨树无性系XL-80、XL-86、XL-83、XL-58、XL-75、ZH-17、I-69(对照)为材料，对纤维长、纤维宽、纤维长宽比及纤维素质量分数、单株纤维素等性状进行了研究，利用主成分综合得分法评价了各无性系纤维性状指标。 结果 7个杨树无性系木材纤维长为0.95~1.12 mm，均达到了国际木材解剖学会规定的中级纤维长(0.91~1.60 mm)的标准；纤维长宽比为49.09~54.62，超出造纸所需纤维长宽比(30)的63.67%~82.00%；纤维素质量分数为53.06%~59.66%，均超出造纸纤维素质量分数的基本要求(40%)。纤维宽与树高、胸径及生物量呈正相关但不显著(P＞0.05)，纤维长、纤维长宽比及纤维素质量分数分别与胸径、树高及生物量均呈负相关，且均不显著(P＞0.05)。通过主成分综合得分法评选出5个杨树优良无性系，分别为XL-80、XL-58、XL-86、ZH-17、XL-83。 结论 筛选的5个优良无性系综合了各性状的优良特性，能够最大程度地实现物尽其用，达到杨树无性系资源利用的最大化，同时也为杨树多目标育种提供了丰富的遗传资源。表6参24 Abstract:Objective With an investigation of differences among wood fiber related traits and their correlation with growth traits among tested poplar (Populus) clones, this paper provides basic information and guidance for the targeted cultivation and selection as well as the utilization of high-quality poplar clones. Method Seven poplar clones, including XL-80, XL-86, XL-83, XL-58, XL-75, ZH-17 and I-69 (ck) with straight trunk and large growth were chosen before the principal component comprehensive score method was employed to evaluate the fiber traits of each clone with indexes including fiber length, fiber width, fiber length-width ratio, cellulose mass fraction and cellulose content per plant. Result The wood fiber length range of the seven poplar clones was 0.95−1.12 mm, all meeting the standard of intermediate fiber length 0.91−1.60 mm stipulated by the International Society of Wood Anatomy. The length to width ratio of fiber varied from 49.09 to 54.62, which is 63.67%−82.00% of the length to width ratio (30) required for paper making. The cellulose mass fraction varied from 53.06% to 59.66%, exceeding the basic requirement (40%) of paper making cellulose content. Fiber width was positively correlated with height, diameter at breast height (DBH) and biomass but not significantly (P＞0.05). Fiber length, fiber length-width ratio and cellulose mass fraction were negatively correlated with DBH, tree height and growth, respectively, but not significantly (P＞0.05). Five clones with good traits were selected by principal component comprehensive score method, namely XL-80, XL-58, XL-86, ZH-17, and XL-83. Conclusion The five selected fiber clones have integrated the excellent characteristics of each character, which could maximize the utilization of poplar clones and provide more abundant genetic resources for poplar multi-objective breeding. [Ch, 6 tab. 24 ref.] -
Key words:
- southern China /
- poplar /
- wood fiber /
- clone /
- comprehensive evaluation
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表 1 杨树无性系性状变异
Table 1. Character variation of poplar clones
性状 胸径/cm 树高/m 生物量/(kg·株−1) 纤维长/mm 纤维宽/mm 纤维长宽比 纤维素质量分数/% 单株纤维素/(kg·株−1) 平均值 31.28 25.22 301.81 1.04 0.02 52.03 57.78 175.46 标准差 3.08 0.81 65.68 0.05 0.00 1.82 2.31 37.47 变异系数/% 9.84 3.19 21.76 4.99 2.66 3.50 3.99 21.35 
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表 2 杨树无性系纤维特征
Table 2. Fiber characteristics of poplar clones
无性系 纤维长/mm 纤维宽/mm 纤维长宽比 XL-80 1.06±0.05 Ab 0.021±0.001 a 50.93±0.91 ac XL-86 1.07±0.0 5Ab 0.021±0.001 a 52.52±2.50 a XL-83 0.95±0.03 Bc 0.019±0.001 a 49.09±9.19 bc XL-58 1.12±0.10 Aa 0.021±0.000 a 53.84±3.81 a XL-75 1.02±0.03 Ab 0.020±0.001 a 51.91±2.00 ac ZH-17 1.04±0.07 Ab 0.020±0.001 a 51.81±1.80 ac I-69 1.08±0.05 Ab 0.020±0.001 a 54.62±4.70 a 说明：数值为平均值±标准差；同列不同大写字母表示同 一指标在不同无性系之间差异极显著(P＜0.01)；同 列不同小写字母表示同一指标在不同无性系之间差 异显著(P＜0.05)
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表 3 杨树无性系生物量及木材纤维素差异
Table 3. Differences in biomass and wood cellulose content of poplar clones
无性系 生物量/
(kg·株−1)纤维素质量
分数/%单株纤维素/
(kg·株−1)XL-80 401.73±12.09 Aa 58.22±0.40 a 233.81±5.43 Aa XL-86 335.98±10.90 Bb 59.66±0.23 a 200.58±7.18 Ab XL-83 329.23±9.34 Cc 53.06±0.41 b 174.82±3.64 Bb XL-58 320.14±1.62 Dd 58.55±0.50 a 187.60±2.55 Bc XL-75 268.67±1.96 Ef 59.17±0.94 a 159.05±3.58 BCe ZH-17 270.31±0.96 Ee 59.66±0.53 a 161.38±0.78 BCe I-69 194.27±3.76 Fg 58.66±0.10 a 114.04±2.01 Df 说明：数值为平均值±标准差；同列不同大写字母表示同 一指标在不同无性系之间差异极显著(P＜0.01)；同 列不同小写字母表示同一指标在不同无性系之间差 异显著(P＜0.05)
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表 4 无性系生长性状与木材纤维性状的相关性
Table 4. Correlation between clonal growth traits and wood fiber traits
项目 胸径 树高 生物量 纤维长 纤维宽 纤维长宽比 纤维素质量分数 单株纤维素 胸径 1 树高 0.926** 1 生物量 0.995** 0.903** 1 纤维长 −0.146 −0.178 −0.111 1 纤维宽 0.520 0.366 0.556 0.734* 1 纤维长宽比 −0.598 −0.534 −0.572 0.863* 0.293 1 纤维素质量分数 −0.258 −0.210 −0.237 0.716* 0.467 0.682* 1 单株纤维素 0.972** 0.887* 0.981** 0.032 0.667* −0.448 −0.043 1 说明：*表示相关显著(P＜0.05)；**表示相关极显著(P＜0.01)
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表 5 主要性状的特征向量
Table 5. Feature vectors of main characters
性状 主成分 1 2 生物量 0.875 −0.028 纤维长 −0.018 0.435 纤维宽 −0.201 0.365 纤维素质量分数 0.236 0.099 单株纤维素 0.935 0.035
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表 6 各无性系综合评价得分
Table 6. Comprehensive evaluation score of each clone
无性系 第1主成分得分 第2主成分得分 综合得分 排序 XL-80 2.489 2.547 2.510 1 XL-86 0.952 0.982 0.963 3 XL-83 −0.944 −0.907 −0.931 5 XL-58 1.252 1.110 1.202 2 XL-75 −1.204 −1.117 −1.173 6 ZH-17 −0.522 −0.438 −0.493 4 I-69 −2.024 −2.177 −2.078 7
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