Introduction of ten Carya illionoensis cultivars

Key words: 
• forest tree genetics and breeding /
• Carya illionoensis /
• introduction /
• growth and fruit characteristics

Abstract: Carya illionoensis is an important species for dry fruits and oil in the world .To enrich resource of good cultivars in China , the cions of 10 cultivars were introduced from America and grafted on five-year-old trees in 1999 .Through systematic observation and analysis of the yield , seed content of the nut , resistibility of the leaves to diseases , 7 cultivars were selected .All the trees fruited in the third year after grafted .The yield in the 5th year was 3.8 -6.2 kg per tree .The whole kernel was easy to be taken out from the seed , and kernel content of the seed being 55 %-60 %.Fattiness content of the kernel was 719.4 -761.3 gkg -1 ;amino acid (including 17 kinds) content was 69.4 -106.8 gkg-1 .The fruit also contained abundant mineral elements .The unsaturated fattiness content was over 90 %.The odd unsaturated fattiness content was 3.0 -5.3 times more than multi unsaturated fattiness content (similar to olive oil).These 7 cultivars were suggested to be planted in the low altitude mountains in warm sub-tropical region of Yunnan .[ Ch , 6 tab .13 ref .]