Diurnal time-activity budgets of <i>Grus nigricollis</i> for the pre-laying phase in northern Tibet

KUANG Fen-liang; LIU Ning; CANGJUE Zhuoma; LI Jian-chuan; YANG Le; LI Fu-xiu

Dec. 2007

Article Contents

Article Navigation > Journal of Zhejiang A&F University > 2007 > 24(6): 686-691

KUANG Fen-liang, LIU Ning, CANGJUE Zhuoma, LI Jian-chuan, YANG Le, LI Fu-xiu. Diurnal time-activity budgets of Grus nigricollis for the pre-laying phase in northern Tibet[J]. Journal of Zhejiang A&F University, 2007, 24(6): 686-691.

Citation:

KUANG Fen-liang, LIU Ning, CANGJUE Zhuoma, LI Jian-chuan, YANG Le, LI Fu-xiu. Diurnal time-activity budgets of Grus nigricollis for the pre-laying phase in northern Tibet[J]. Journal of Zhejiang A&F University, 2007, 24(6): 686-691.

Diurnal time-activity budgets of Grus nigricollis for the pre-laying phase in northern Tibet

1. School of Conservation Biology, Southwest Forestry College, Kunming 650224, Yunnan, China;
2. Tibet Plateau Institution of Biology, Lhasa 850001, Tibet, China;
3. School of Resources, Southwest Forestry College, Kunming 650224, Yunnan, China

Received Date: 2007-01-30
Rev Recd Date: 2007-04-18

Abstract

The diurnal activity budgets of Grus nigricollis (wild black-necked crane) were observed in northern Tibet from April to June 2006 using focal animal sampling and all occurrences recording. Results showed that (1) for the diurnal time-activity budgets, activities during the pre-laying phase and their percentage time included five major behaviors:foraging, 43.69%; vigilance, 21.78%; maintenance, 21.69%; locomotion, 7.57%; and breeding, 2.09%; and a miscellaneous group, 3.18%. Additionally, (2) time budgets of vigilance for males was significantly greater (P< 0.01) than females, while there were no significant differences for locomotion. However, the time budgets of three other behaviors and miscellaneous group for females were higher than males. Also, (3) the four behaviors and miscellaneous group were relatively stable before 11:00 am., and then three foraging peaks and one maintenance peak appeared. There were no major peaks for the other behaviors which had a descending trend. Finally, (4) the foraging, vigilance, and maintenance behaviors between males and females were asynchronous from 11:00 to 14:00 and synchronous during other times. With foraging, a peak for males appeared between 12:00-14:00; whereas, for females there were three peaks, namely at 8:00, 12:00-14:00, and 17:00.Behavioral differences of this species, due to gender and location, as well as differences from other cranes were discussed.
- zoology,
- Grus nigricollis,
- time budget,
- activity rhythm,
- pre-laying phase,
- northern Tibet

Relative Article

[1]	ZHENG Yingmao, LIU Juan, PAN Chengchun, LI Chenghui, HUANG Bangwen, DING Ping, LIU Julian. Analysis of avian composition characteristics in Jiulongshan National Nature Reserve . Journal of Zhejiang A&F University, 2020, 37(6): 1167-1176. doi: 10.11833/j.issn.2095-0756.20190737
[2]	YU Jing, LAO Xiujie, CHEN Yanyong, HE Xiaojiang, DAI Bing, ZHAO Ayong, WANG Xiaodu, SONG Houhui. A real-time PCR method for detection of porcine circovirus 2 . Journal of Zhejiang A&F University, 2016, 33(2): 357-363. doi: 10.11833/j.issn.2095-0756.2016.02.023
[3]	LI Yacang, FENG Zhongke, HUANG Jixia, YANG Liu. Habitat suitability evaluation for Amur tigers in northeast China based on GIS and RS . Journal of Zhejiang A&F University, 2016, 33(2): 265-271. doi: 10.11833/j.issn.2095-0756.2016.02.011
[4]	YANG Xiaolan, GONG Hede. Seed predation by rodents in northwest Yunnan Province . Journal of Zhejiang A&F University, 2015, 32(3): 440-445. doi: 10.11833/j.issn.2095-0756.2015.03.017
[5]	YU Yun-wei, YING Ye-qing, REN Li-ping, HU Jia-fu, ZHAO A-yong. Community structure and biodiversity of soil animals in bamboo stands of Lin’an，Zhejiang . Journal of Zhejiang A&F University, 2012, 29(4): 581-587. doi: 10.11833/j.issn.2095-0756.2012.04.015
[6]	WANG Rong. Principal component analysis and evaluation of waterfowl habitats along the coastline of Fujian Province . Journal of Zhejiang A&F University, 2011, 28(3): 472-478. doi: 10.11833/j.issn.2095-0756.2011.03.020
[7]	ZHU Xi, WANG Qing-liang, ZHAN Yin-bo, HAN Pu, JIANG Hong-yun, ZHOU Wen, HE Yu-bo. Fauna and distribution of amphibian and reptile on Putuoshan Island，Zhejiang . Journal of Zhejiang A&F University, 2009, 26(5): 708-713.
[8]	ZHU Gui-shou, DING Liang-dong, YU Gen-lian, ZHOU Xiao-li. Wildlife domestication and propagation industry in Zhejiang Province . Journal of Zhejiang A&F University, 2008, 25(1): 109-113.
[9]	WEI Fu-min, CHENShui-hua, FANZhong-yong, CHEN Cang-song, FANG Yi-feng. Characteristics of bird communities in Dapanshan National Nature Reserve, Zhejiang Province . Journal of Zhejiang A&F University, 2007, 24(4): 456-462.
[10]	CHEN Yu-zhao, MA Ren-fan, LIUMing, ZHU Xian-chao. Fauna of wetland birds in Wenzhou City . Journal of Zhejiang A&F University, 2007, 24(5): 619-626.
[11]	ZHUXi, XUMin-yu, GE Ying-chuan, CHENZhong-yi, LI Chun-yao. A vifauna in Mount Longwang Nature Reserve of Zhejiang . Journal of Zhejiang A&F University, 2007, 24(1): 77-85.
[12]	MENG Xiu-xiang, ZHANG Dong-jin, PANShi-xiu, HUI Cen-yi, FENG Jin-chao, ZHOUYi-jun. Behavior characteristies of captive-bred female alpine musk deer(Moschus sifanicus) . Journal of Zhejiang A&F University, 2007, 24(1): 72-76.
[13]	HUZhong-jun, WANG Yu, XUEWen-jie, JIANG Hai-rui, XUHong-fa. Population density of Moschus berezovskii in Zibaishan Nature Reserve of Feng County, Shaanxi . Journal of Zhejiang A&F University, 2007, 24(1): 65-71.
[14]	ZHANG Zong, LIANG Nan-nan, GUO Yu-dong, ZHAO Jun. Diversity of landscape architecture approach in city birds protection . Journal of Zhejiang A&F University, 2007, 24(4): 511-515.
[15]	PANShi-xiu, MEN Xiu-xiang, FENG Jin-chao, ZHOUYi-jun, XUHong-fa. A review of studies on habitat selection by small and solitary forest ruminants . Journal of Zhejiang A&F University, 2007, 24(3): 357-362.
[16]	CAOMing, LI Wei, ZHOUWei, ZHANG Xing-yong, ZHANG Ren-gong. Foraging sites during the early breeding stage of Syrmaticus humiae in the Nanhua Part of Ailaoshan National Nature Reserve . Journal of Zhejiang A&F University, 2007, 24(2): 203-208.
[17]	MA Shui-long, SHI Yu-ming, ZHONG Yue-liang, ZHU Xi, ZHU Jun-wen. Avifauna of Jiulongshan National Forest Park in Zhejiang Province . Journal of Zhejiang A&F University, 2006, 23(4): 449-454.
[18]	YANG Qiong-xia, YIN Shu, SHENTU Yin, GAO Xin, SUN Yi, HU Jun-xiang. Radioprotective effects of extract from Carya cathayensis nut exocarp on mice . Journal of Zhejiang A&F University, 2006, 23(6): 604-607.
[19]	HE Jia-fei, ZHOU Wei, LI Ming-hui. Preliminary observation on reproductive ecology of Kaloula verrucosa . Journal of Zhejiang A&F University, 2006, 23(3): 311-315.
[20]	LU Qing-bin, WANG Xiao-ming, DING You-zhong, LI Xin-qing. Diurnal time budget and activity rhythm of Alligator sinensis in the rutting season . Journal of Zhejiang A&F University, 2006, 23(6): 608-613.

References



[3]	NARAYAN G, AKHTAR A, LIMA R, et al. Black-necked Crane Grus nigricollis in Ladakh[J]. Bombay Nat His Soc, 1986,83(Supplement):180-195.



[7]	KREBS J R, DAVIES N B.An Introduction to Behavioral Ecology[M]. 3 th ed.Oxford:Blackwell Scientific Publications,1994.






[14]	ALTMAN J.Observational study of behavior:sampling and methods[J]. Behavior, 1974,49:227-267.
[15]	MARTIN P, BATESON P. Measureing Behavior[M]. London:Cambridge University Press,1993:49-69

[17]	ENOKSSON B.Time budget of nuthatches (Sitta europaea) with supplementary food[J]. Ibis, 1990, 132:575-582.
[18]	VERBEEK N A M. Daily and annual time budget of the yellow billed magpie[J].Auk,1972,89:576-582.
[19]	TURNER A K. Timing of laying by swallows (Hirundo rustica) and sand martins (Riparia riparia)[J]. J Anim Ecol,1982,51:29-46.


[22]	FOX A D. Diurnal activity budgets of pre-nesting Sandhill Crane in arctic Canada[J]. Wilson Bull, 1995,107(4):752-756.
[23]	HUNTER M L, WHITMAN J W, HILLARY D.Effects of a carbaryl-induced depression in invertebrate abundance on the growth and behavior of American black duck and mallard ducklings[J]. Can J Zool, 1984, 62:452-456.
[24]	DAVIES N B, LUNDBERG A. food distribution and a variable mating system in the dunnock prunella modularis[J]. J Anim Ecol, 1984, 53:895-912.
[25]	DAVIES N B, LUNDBERG A. The influence of food on time budget and timing of breeding of dunnock prunella modularis[J].Ibis,1985, 132:100-110.
[26]	BUROWN P W, FREDRICKSON L H. Time budget and incubation behavior of breeding white-winged scoters[J]. Wilson Bull, 1987, 99(1):50-55.
[27]	DROBNEY R D, FREDRICKSON L H. Food selection by wood ducks in relation to breeding status[J]. J Wildl Manage,1979, 43:109-120.
[28]	AFTON A. Time budget of breeding Northern Shovelers[J]. Wilson Bull, 1979,91:42-49.
[29]	BROWN P W.Reproductive Ecology and Productivity of White-winged Scoters[D].Missouri:University of Missouri,1981.
[30]	QUAN R C, CUI L W,WEN X J. Sexual differences in vigilance of paired ruddy shelduck in winter[J]. Waterbirds,2003, 26(3):335-337.
[31]	SQUIRES K A, MARTIN K,GOUDIE R I.Vifilance behavior in the harlequin duck (Histrionicus histrionicus) during the preincubation period in Labrador:are males vigilant for self or social partner?[J].Auk,2007,124(1):241-252.


[34]	LACK D. Ecological Adaptations for Breeding in Birds[M]. London:[s.n.],1968.
[35]	MUZAFFAR S B.Diurnal time-activity budgets in wintering ferruginous pochard Aythya nyroca in Tanguar Haor, Bangladesh[J].Forktail,2004,20:25-27.

Proportional views

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

Get Citation

PDF

XML

Article views(558) PDF downloads(21) Cited by()

Proportional views

Diurnal time-activity budgets of Grus nigricollis for the pre-laying phase in northern Tibet

1. School of Conservation Biology, Southwest Forestry College, Kunming 650224, Yunnan, China;

2. Tibet Plateau Institution of Biology, Lhasa 850001, Tibet, China;

3. School of Resources, Southwest Forestry College, Kunming 650224, Yunnan, China

Received Date: 2007-01-30

Rev Recd Date: 2007-04-18

Key words:

Abstract: The diurnal activity budgets of Grus nigricollis (wild black-necked crane) were observed in northern Tibet from April to June 2006 using focal animal sampling and all occurrences recording. Results showed that (1) for the diurnal time-activity budgets, activities during the pre-laying phase and their percentage time included five major behaviors:foraging, 43.69%; vigilance, 21.78%; maintenance, 21.69%; locomotion, 7.57%; and breeding, 2.09%; and a miscellaneous group, 3.18%. Additionally, (2) time budgets of vigilance for males was significantly greater (P< 0.01) than females, while there were no significant differences for locomotion. However, the time budgets of three other behaviors and miscellaneous group for females were higher than males. Also, (3) the four behaviors and miscellaneous group were relatively stable before 11:00 am., and then three foraging peaks and one maintenance peak appeared. There were no major peaks for the other behaviors which had a descending trend. Finally, (4) the foraging, vigilance, and maintenance behaviors between males and females were asynchronous from 11:00 to 14:00 and synchronous during other times. With foraging, a peak for males appeared between 12:00-14:00; whereas, for females there were three peaks, namely at 8:00, 12:00-14:00, and 17:00.Behavioral differences of this species, due to gender and location, as well as differences from other cranes were discussed.

HTML

Reference (35)

[1]	郑光美,王岐山.中国濒危动物红皮书——鸟类[M].北京:科学出版社,1998:199-200.
[2]	李凤山.黑颈鹤的现状与保护[M]//李凤山,杨晓君,杨芳.云贵高原黑颈鹤的现状和保护.昆明:云南民族出版社,2005:44-58.
[3]	NARAYAN G, AKHTAR A, LIMA R, et al. Black-necked Crane Grus nigricollis in Ladakh[J]. Bombay Nat His Soc, 1986,83(Supplement):180-195.
[4]	李来兴.黑颈鹤繁殖期觅食行为及时间分配的初探[M]//陆健健.中国水鸟研究.上海:华东师范大学出版社,1994:49-53.
[5]	李凤山,马建章.越冬黑颈鹤的时间分配、家庭和集群利益的研究[J].野生动物,1992(3):36-41;29.
[6]	杨荣,伍和启,杨晓君,等.四川诺尔盖黑颈鹤繁殖期行为活动的初步观察[M]//李凤山,杨晓君,杨芳.云贵高原黑颈鹤的现状和保护.昆明:云南民族出版社,2005:163-169.
[7]	KREBS J R, DAVIES N B.An Introduction to Behavioral Ecology[M]. 3 th ed.Oxford:Blackwell Scientific Publications,1994.
[8]	尚玉昌.行为生态学[M].北京:北京大学出版社,1999.
[9]	孙儒泳.动物生态学原理[M].北京:北京师范大学出版社,1996.
[10]	刘务林.世界上最后的静土[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1999.
[11]	西藏自治区林业局.世界屋脊上的生命[M].北京:中国大百科全书出版社,2004:108-145.
[12]	王岐山,颜重威.中国的鹤、秧鸡和鸨[R].南投:凤凰谷鸟园,2002:76-88.
[13]	李筑眉,李凤山.黑颈鹤研究[M].上海:上海科技教育出版社,2005.
[14]	ALTMAN J.Observational study of behavior:sampling and methods[J]. Behavior, 1974,49:227-267.
[15]	MARTIN P, BATESON P. Measureing Behavior[M]. London:Cambridge University Press,1993:49-69
[16]	杨晓君,杨岚.笼养绿孔雀行为活动时间分配的初步观察[J].动物学报,1995,42(增刊):106-111.
[17]	ENOKSSON B.Time budget of nuthatches (Sitta europaea) with supplementary food[J]. Ibis, 1990, 132:575-582.
[18]	VERBEEK N A M. Daily and annual time budget of the yellow billed magpie[J].Auk,1972,89:576-582.
[19]	TURNER A K. Timing of laying by swallows (Hirundo rustica) and sand martins (Riparia riparia)[J]. J Anim Ecol,1982,51:29-46.
[20]	周晓禹,刘振生,吴建平,等.丹顶鹤繁殖期行为时间分配及活动规律[J].东北林业大学学报,2000,30(1):60-62.
[21]	徐纯柱,郭玉民,赵文阁.繁殖期白头鹤觅食地活动的时间分配和日节律[J].应用与环境生物学报,2006,12(4):533-536.
[22]	FOX A D. Diurnal activity budgets of pre-nesting Sandhill Crane in arctic Canada[J]. Wilson Bull, 1995,107(4):752-756.
[23]	HUNTER M L, WHITMAN J W, HILLARY D.Effects of a carbaryl-induced depression in invertebrate abundance on the growth and behavior of American black duck and mallard ducklings[J]. Can J Zool, 1984, 62:452-456.
[24]	DAVIES N B, LUNDBERG A. food distribution and a variable mating system in the dunnock prunella modularis[J]. J Anim Ecol, 1984, 53:895-912.
[25]	DAVIES N B, LUNDBERG A. The influence of food on time budget and timing of breeding of dunnock prunella modularis[J].Ibis,1985, 132:100-110.
[26]	BUROWN P W, FREDRICKSON L H. Time budget and incubation behavior of breeding white-winged scoters[J]. Wilson Bull, 1987, 99(1):50-55.
[27]	DROBNEY R D, FREDRICKSON L H. Food selection by wood ducks in relation to breeding status[J]. J Wildl Manage,1979, 43:109-120.
[28]	AFTON A. Time budget of breeding Northern Shovelers[J]. Wilson Bull, 1979,91:42-49.
[29]	BROWN P W.Reproductive Ecology and Productivity of White-winged Scoters[D].Missouri:University of Missouri,1981.
[30]	QUAN R C, CUI L W,WEN X J. Sexual differences in vigilance of paired ruddy shelduck in winter[J]. Waterbirds,2003, 26(3):335-337.
[31]	SQUIRES K A, MARTIN K,GOUDIE R I.Vifilance behavior in the harlequin duck (Histrionicus histrionicus) during the preincubation period in Labrador:are males vigilant for self or social partner?[J].Auk,2007,124(1):241-252.
[32]	邱军,傅荣恕.土壤温湿度对甲螨和跳虫数量的影响[J].山东师范大学学报:自然科学版,2004,19(4):72-74.
[33]	杨梅学,姚檀栋,丁永康,等.藏北高原土壤温度的日变化[J].环境科学,1995,20(3):5-8.
[34]	LACK D. Ecological Adaptations for Breeding in Birds[M]. London:[s.n.],1968.
[35]	MUZAFFAR S B.Diurnal time-activity budgets in wintering ferruginous pochard Aythya nyroca in Tanguar Haor, Bangladesh[J].Forktail,2004,20:25-27.

Diurnal time-activity budgets of Grus nigricollis for the pre-laying phase in northern Tibet

Abstract

References

Proportional views

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

Related

Proportional views

Diurnal time-activity budgets of Grus nigricollis for the pre-laying phase in northern Tibet

1. School of Conservation Biology, Southwest Forestry College, Kunming 650224, Yunnan, China;

2. Tibet Plateau Institution of Biology, Lhasa 850001, Tibet, China;

3. School of Resources, Southwest Forestry College, Kunming 650224, Yunnan, China

HTML

Catalog

Diurnal time-activity budgets of Grus nigricollis for the pre-laying phase in northern Tibet

Abstract

Relative Article

References

Proportional views

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

Related

Proportional views

Diurnal time-activity budgets of Grus nigricollis for the pre-laying phase in northern Tibet

1. School of Conservation Biology, Southwest Forestry College, Kunming 650224, Yunnan, China; 2. Tibet Plateau Institution of Biology, Lhasa 850001, Tibet, China; 3. School of Resources, Southwest Forestry College, Kunming 650224, Yunnan, China

HTML

Catalog

Export File

Citation

Format

Content

1. School of Conservation Biology, Southwest Forestry College, Kunming 650224, Yunnan, China;

2. Tibet Plateau Institution of Biology, Lhasa 850001, Tibet, China;

3. School of Resources, Southwest Forestry College, Kunming 650224, Yunnan, China