Effects of mechanical damage and deep soil treatment on sprouting and antioxidant enzyme activities of Cunninghamia lanceolata
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摘要:
目的 研究分析机械损伤处理下杉木Cunninghamia lanceolata无性系萌蘖能力与抗氧化酶活性的相关关系，从酶活性代谢生理角度阐述杉木萌蘖机制，为解决杉木无性系萌蘖问题提供理论依据。 方法 以杉木无性系洋020的1年生扦插苗为材料，通过盆栽试验，设置去顶和未去顶处理，0、3、6 cm埋土深度处理，在萌蘖初期、中期、后期分别取样，观测无性系萌蘖状况，通过酶活吸光度方法测定了杉木无性系萌蘖过程中枝叶、基部韧皮部、根尖等不同器官超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性差异，并进行相关性分析。 结果 随着埋土深度的增加，去顶和未去顶不同埋土深度杉木无性系苗萌蘖能力均呈降低的趋势，且不同埋土深度处理会影响植物的抗氧化酶的活性。随着埋土深度的增加，杉木幼苗枝叶SOD活性呈上升趋势，CAT活性呈下降趋势；埋土6 cm处理有利于增强枝叶及根尖POD的活性。 结论 机械损伤和不同埋土深度对杉木无性萌蘖有一定的影响；同一埋土深度，去顶处理杉木无性系的萌蘖能力高于未去顶处理。不同器官植物抗氧化酶活性是影响杉木无性系机械损伤和不同埋土深度处理萌蘖的主要影响因子之一。图3表3参18 Abstract:Objective With an analysis conducted of the relationship between the sprouting ability of Cunninghamia lanceolata (Chinese fir) clones and the activity of antioxidant enzymes under the treatment of mechanical injure as well as an elaboration on the sprouting mechanism of C. lanceolata from the metabolic physiology of enzyme activity, this study is aimed to provide theoretical basis for solving the sprouting problem of C. lanceolata clones. Method Using the 1-year-old cuttings of Chinese fir Clone Yang 020 as experimental materials, with pot experiment and treatments of topping removal and no topping set at depths of 0, 3 and 6 centimeters, the enzyme activity absorbance test was carried out to measure and analyze the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) in different organs, such as branches and leaves, basal phloem and root tip. Result (1) With the increase of soil depth, the tillering capacity of seedlings of Chinese fir clones with and without mechanical damage at different soil depths decreased, and treatments of different soil depths could affect the activity of antioxidant enzymes. (2) With the increase of soil depth, SOD activity of branches and leaves of Chinses fir seedlings increased, while CAT activity decreased. (3) The soil depth of 6 centimeters was conducive to pod accumulation of branches and leaves and root tips. Conclusion In conclusion, the mechanical damage and treatments of different soil depths had impact on the clonal tillering of Chinese fir. Of the same soil depth, the tillering of Chinese fir with the removal of topping is higher than the one without the removal. Also, the antioxidant enzyme activity of different organs plants was one of the main factors that affect the mechanical damage of C. lanceolata clones and the tillering of treatments of different soil depths. [Ch, 3 fig. 3 tab. 18 ref.] -
Key words:
- Cunninghamia lanceolata /
- mechanical damage /
- sprouting /
- antioxidant enzyme
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图 1 机械损伤和不同埋土深度处理杉木幼苗SOD活性
Figure 1 SOD activity of Chinese fir seedlings under mechanical damage and different soil depth treatments
图 2 机械损伤和不同埋土深度处理杉木幼苗CAT活性
Figure 2 CAT activity of Chinese fir seedlings under mechanical damage and different soil depth treatments
图 3 机械损伤和不同埋土深度处理杉木幼苗POD酶活性
Figure 3 POD activity of young Chinese fir treated with mechanical damage and different soil depth
表 1 机械损伤和不同埋土深度处理杉木无性系萌蘖差异
Table 1. Difference of tillering of Chinese fir clones treated by mechanical damage and different soil depth
处理 萌蘖/株 2019-06-30 2019-07-31 2019-08-31 TP1 0.65 ± 0.08 ab 2.90 ± 0.20 bc 3.50 ± 0.50 ac TP2 0.54 ± 0.06 bc 2.40 ± 0.18 a 3.10 ± 0.30 b TP3 0.43 ± 0.03 a 2.13 ± 0.16 b 2.54 ± 0.30 a ck1 1.50 ± 0.02 b 2.89 ± 0.40 a 3.35 ± 0.42 b ck2 1.20 ± 0.11 a 2.20 ± 0.30 b 3.00 ± 0.40 a ck3 0.80 ± 0.06 a 2.10 ± 0.20 b 2.20 ± 0.30 a 说明：不同小写字母表示差异显著(P＜0.05) 
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表 2 杉木幼苗SOD、CAT和POD酶活性方差分析
Table 2. Variance analysis of SOD, CAT and POD enzyme activities in Chinese fir seedlings
因素 SOD CAT POD 均方 F 均方 F 均方 F 时期 82 807.915 35.981** 97 192.403 734.535** 34 187.296 54.764** 机械损伤 44 879.393 19.501** 19 211.774 145.194** 43 239.496 69.264** 埋土深度 6 918.106 3.006 2 910.454 21.996** 2 831.071 4.535* 器官部位 114 489.454 49.747** 2 658.569 20.092** 54 248.127 86.899** 时期×机械损伤 5 232.712 2.274 31 600.742 238.824** 92 412.000 148.032** 时期×埋土深度 25 120.655 10.915** 3 616.950 27.335** 2 911.318 4.664** 时期×器官部位 41 964.818 18.234** 2 074.813 15.680** 4 762.197 7.628** 机械损伤×埋土深度 5 197.325 2.258 2 605.106 19.688* 2 015.723 3.229* 机械损伤×器官部位 4 442.049 1.930 978.874 7.398** 1 977.118 3.167* 埋土深度×器官部位 1 881.679 0.818 1 063.093 8.034** 1 069.296 1.713 时期×机械损伤×埋土深度 1 147.752 0.499 2 396.590 18.112** 7 094.747 11.365** 时期×机械损伤×器官部位 23 470.572 10.198** 761.769 5.757** 3 770.859 6.04** 时期×埋土深度×器官部位 7 876.366 3.422** 402.710 3.043** 1 433.927 2.297** 机械损伤×埋土深度×器官部位 9 597.720 4.17** 331.124 2.502* 1 302.148 2.086 时期×机械损伤×埋土深度×器官部位 10 678.306 4.64** 179.372 1.356 2 428.758 3.891** 说明：*在0.05水平(双侧)上显著相关；**在0.01水平(双侧)上极显著相关。
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表 3 机械损伤和不同埋土深度处理杉木无性系萌蘖酶活相关性
Table 3. Correlation between mechanical damage and tillering enzyme activity of Chinese fir clones under different soil depth treatments
项目 机械损伤 萌蘖时期 萌蘖数 SOD CAT POD 机械损伤 1.000 萌蘖时期 0.000 1.000 萌蘖数 −0.613** 0.540** 1.000 SOD 0.017 0.445** 0.125* 1.000 CAT 0.293** −0.670** −0.614** −0.387** 1.000 POD 0.109 0.239* 0.082* 0.290** −0.269* 1.000 说明：*表示显著相关(P＜0.05)，**表示极显著相关(P＜0.01)
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