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土壤盐渍化是一个全球性的热点问题,是农业发展所面临的主要危机之一[1]。目前,全世界约有20%的灌溉土地受到盐胁迫影响,中国约有3 460万hm2盐渍土地[2]。果树盐碱地栽培的研究也是国内外关注的重点[3]。盐胁迫下,植物细胞内自由基的产生与清除的动态平衡被打破,造成氧化胁迫,加速膜脂过氧化,有害物质积累,引起代谢紊乱[4]。褪黑素(melatonin,MEL)又称松果素,1958年被LERNER[7]从牛松果体中首次提取出来,其化学成分为N-乙酰基-5-甲氧基色胺。大量研究表明,褪黑素是一种吲哚类激素,具有植物生长调节物质的功能,同时还具有抵抗胁迫的生物刺激物质的功能,对高温、低温、紫外及电离辐射、重金属和化学污染、生物氧化等生物和非生物胁迫都有一定的抵抗作用[8]。目前,有关猕猴桃Actinidia耐盐性的研究已有一些报道[9-10],但关于外源褪黑素对盐胁迫下猕猴桃生长及抗逆生理特性的研究还比较少。猕猴桃为猕猴桃科Actinidiaceae猕猴桃属多年生藤本植物。猕猴桃果实为典型的浆果,主要是以含维生素C高,适口和特异的风味见著。猕猴桃在全球都具有极好的经济发展前景,是一种重要的果树资源[5]。前人研究表明,猕猴桃一般既不耐离子胁迫也不耐渗透胁迫[6]。因此,提高猕猴桃对盐碱地的耐性,保证猕猴桃在盐胁迫下能够维持正常的生理水平,对获得理想的产量和品质有重要意义。本研究以野生美味猕猴桃Actinidia deliciosa实生苗为材料,研究了外源褪黑素对氯化钠胁迫下其实生苗体内的活性氧代谢和渗透调节物质的影响,为合理利用褪黑素缓解美味猕猴桃栽培中的盐害问题提供理论基础。
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