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山核桃Carya cathayensis是中国特有的木本粮油树种,主要分布于浙皖交界天目山区的浙江省杭州市临安区和安徽省宁国市,其果实具有良好的营养保健作用和重要的经济价值,在主产区,山核桃产业的收入占林农收入的60%~70%[1-2]。由于在经营过程中长期过度施肥,且为清除林下植被采收方便而大量施用除草剂,山核桃人工林出现土壤酸化、养分供应水平失衡、水土流失严重等环境问题。土壤肥力水平高低对山核桃林分的抗病能力和果实营养价值具有重要影响。山核桃林地土壤肥力衰退使得山核桃树势减弱,干腐病、根腐病病害严重,果实品质下降。本研究总结了山核桃人工林土壤肥力研究现状,并提出今后需改进的经营措施,为山核桃林地管理与山核桃安全生产提供参考。
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