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竹材因孔隙层次多,含有丰富的多糖、蛋白质和水分等营养物质,极易受微生物侵染[1−2]。因此,通过技术手段改良竹材以增强竹材的抑菌性能尤为重要[3]。目前常用的木材、竹材抑菌改性剂有无机抑菌剂和有机抑菌剂2类[4]。无机抑菌剂与纤维之间是物理吸附,相互作用力弱,容易流失;有机抑菌剂虽能与纤维形成化学联接,却容易对环境造成污染,使微生物产生抗药性。植物多酚是天然植物原料中的有效成分,因其种类繁多、生产量大、能抗炎抑菌而备受关注[5]。天然多酚类化合物没食子酸能通过接触微生物造成细胞膜局部破裂成孔,破坏细胞膜完整性,使得细胞膜内物质泄漏,进而杀死细胞[6],因此,近年来被广泛应用于改良材料的抑菌性能。ZHANG等[7]和ZARANDONA等[8]使用没食子酸制备的乙酰化果胶和壳聚糖膜均表现出优异的抑菌效果。龙竹Dendrocalamus giganteus是滇东南地区广泛分布的特色大型丛生竹材,常被应用于西南少数民族建筑和家具制品,但其抗生物侵害能力不足的特性严重影响了其使用周期和产品质量[9]。本研究基于竹材细胞壁组分多羟基特性和没食子酸的天然抑菌活性,用没食子酸改性龙竹竹粉,并对改性竹粉的结构特性和抑菌性能进行分析表征,可为发展植物源竹材绿色防护技术提供方法借鉴和理论支撑。
Preparation and antibacterial properties of gallic acid modified bamboo powder
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摘要:
目的 以龙竹Dendrocalamus giganteus竹粉为原料,采用酯化反应制备没食子酸改性竹材,并探究没食子酸对竹材抑菌性能的影响。 方法 通过傅里叶红外光谱仪、X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜和热重分析对改性竹粉特性进行表征,采用振荡法评估改性竹粉的抑菌性能。 结果 没食子酸可以与竹粉形成接枝共聚物,并在竹纤维束表面形成一层包裹物,从而使其表面变得更加光滑;没食子酸改性后,竹粉的热稳定性提高约40 ℃,对大肠埃希菌Escherichia coli抑制率从30.70%提高到93.24%,对金黄色葡萄球菌Staphylococcus aureus抑制率从32.18%提高到75.29%。 结论 没食子酸改性可明显提高龙竹竹粉对革兰氏阴性菌和革兰氏阳性菌的抑制能力,该方法为竹材抑菌性能改良的有效方法。图8参26 Abstract:Objective This study, with gallic acid modified Dendrocalamus giganteus (DG) prepared by esterification reaction, is aimed to investigate the effect of gallic acid (GA) on antibacterial performance of DG. Method The modified products (DG-GA) were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscope and thermogravimetric analysis before the antibacterial tests were performed by shaking method after modification. Result Gallic acid formed graft copolymer with bamboo powder successfully with a layer of coating formed on the surface of bamboo fiber bundle, making the surface become smoother. After gallic acid modification, the thermal stability of bamboo powder increased by about 40 ℃, the inhibition rate against Escherichia coli increased from 30.70% to 93.24%, and the inhibition rate against Staphylococcus aureus increased from 32.18% to 75.29%. Conclusion The modification of gallic acid can obviously improve the inhibition ability of bamboo powder against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, making it an effective method to improve the antibacterial property of bamboo. [Ch, 8 fig. 26 ref.] -
Key words:
- Dendrocalamus giganteus /
- gallic acid /
- modification /
- antibacterial
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https://zlxb.zafu.edu.cn/article/doi/10.11833/j.issn.2095-0756.20220718