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温度、光照和水分是影响竹子生长发育最重要的3个环境因子[1-2]。近年来随着全球温室效应的加剧,夏季高温灾害频发,在自然界中,高温天气常常伴随干旱出现,不同的植物种类的抗逆机制不同,对逆境胁迫的敏感性和适应能力差异较大。高温干旱胁迫下,植物体内活性氧自由基含量增加,植物启动自身的抗氧化防御系统,以避免胁迫伤害;当胁迫超过植物的承受能力时会导致活性氧代谢失调,引起膜脂过氧化,对植株造成不可逆的损伤[3-4]。对金线莲Anoectochilus roxburghii[5],马铃薯Solanum tuberosum[6]等植物的研究表明,植物保护酶活性与其自身的抗热性密切相关;卢琼琼等[7]、谷战英等[8]研究发现,水分胁迫下植物的抗氧化胁迫能力与其体内保护酶活性呈正相关;同时还有研究表明,干旱胁迫会加重高温胁迫对植物的伤害;反之,高温胁迫也会增加干旱胁迫伤害程度,双因子叠加胁迫对植物细胞的伤害远超于单因子造成的影响[9-10]。毛竹Phyllostachys edulis的分布面积很广,具有重要的经济价值和生态价值,在中国的竹产业中占有重要的地位。近年来,夏季的高温干旱天气对毛竹的生长带来严峻的考验,2013年7-9月间大规模的高温干旱天气造成浙江地区竹林大面积受灾,极大地影响竹林经济及生态环境。目前,已有研究探讨了毛竹在高温胁迫下色素[11]、干旱胁迫下保护酶活性变化及渗透调节等[12-13]方面的抗性生理。事实上探讨分析高温干旱复合胁迫处理下毛竹实生苗的生理参数变化,将有助于深入认识氧自由基反应与脂质过氧化反应的失调和紊乱内在关系。本研究以毛竹实生苗为材料,通过设置不同水分梯度、温度梯度的盆栽试验,对毛竹实生苗进行高温、干旱及复水的研究,探讨毛竹叶片抗氧化防御系统在单因子及多因子逆境下的防御机制,为今后进一步研究毛竹抵抗高温干旱及叠加胁迫提供理论依据。
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