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农业生产中大量施用化肥,人为地增加了土壤的含盐量,使园艺作物受到盐害,导致产量、品质下降。因此,可通过改良土壤,或者提高植物耐盐性来解决产品质量下降的问题。盐胁迫可以引发植物体内盐分的过度积累,导致植物产生离子毒害、膜系统氧化损伤、渗透调节失衡,轻者影响花卉的品质,重者直接导致植株死亡[1]。月季Rosa chinensis不仅是中国的传统名花,也是重要的切花材料,具有极高的市场价值[2]。但在月季栽培过程中,盐胁迫往往会降低月季开花期、开花量,降低花香、花色等品质,导致月季不具有经济价值。褪黑素(melatonin, MT)属于吲哚杂环类化合物,其化学名是N-乙酰基-5甲氧基色胺,具有清除活性氧、自由基,维护细胞膜结构,降低过氧化物含量的功能[3]。最近研究表明:外源褪黑素处理可以有效减轻盐胁迫对平邑甜茶Malus hupehensis的氧化胁迫伤害,增强苹果Malus domestica砧木的抗盐能力[4];同时外源褪黑素处理也可以提高番茄Solanum lycopersicum盐分胁迫下的果实品质[5]和缓解盐分对猕猴桃Actinidia chinensis幼苗的伤害[6];对切花月季保鲜也具有积极的作用[7]。但到目前为止,关于外源褪黑素处理对月季盐胁迫下生理特性还缺乏深入研究。本研究以中国古老月季‘月月粉’Rosa chinensis ‘Old Blush’为材料,采用根灌褪黑素的方法,分析测定盐胁迫下月季幼苗叶片生理指标的变化,探讨褪黑素影响月季苗盐胁迫响应的生理机制,为合理利用褪黑素,解决月季栽培中的盐害问题提供理论依据。
Alleviation of exogenous melatonin on rose seedlings under salt stress
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摘要:
目的 研究外源褪黑素(MT)处理对盐胁迫下中国古老月季‘月月粉’ Rosa chinensis ‘Old Blush’的缓解效应及其机制,为解决月季栽培中的盐害问题提供理论依据。 方法 以90 d扦插苗为材料,分别通过根部浇灌0、5、10和20 μmol·L−1褪黑素进行预处理5 d后,再对根部浇灌200 mmol·L−1氯化钠溶液进行盐胁迫处理20 d,以浇灌清水的植株为空白对照,研究了外源褪黑素处理对月季盐胁迫的缓解效应。 结果 与空白对照相比,不同浓度外源褪黑素处理可显著降低盐胁迫下月季叶片的相对电导率和丙二醛质量摩尔浓度(P<0.05),同时可显著提高可溶性蛋白质、抗坏血酸和脯氨酸的质量分数(P<0.05),特别是显著提高了超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活性,从而增强了活性氧的清除能力。 结论 外源褪黑素处理可增强月季‘月月粉’的抗氧化酶活性以及渗透调节物质的质量分数,从而抑制活性氧的积累,防止膜脂过氧化,提高耐盐性。图3参21 Abstract:Objective To provide a theoretical basis for solving salt damage of rose, the effect of exogenous melatonin (MT) on the physiological characteristics of rose seedlings (Rosa chinensis ‘Old Blush’) with the NaCl stress was investigated. Method 90 d rose cutting seedlings were watered with 0, 5, 10 and 20 μmol·L−1 melatonin of exogenous melatonin solution respectively for 5 days before they were treated with 20 d 200 mmol·L−1 NaCl while the control group was treated with water to study the alleviation of exogenous melatonin on rose seedlings under salt stress with the physiological and biochemical indexes determined after the salt treatment. Result With the exposure to salt stress, rose seedlings with the alleviation of exogenous melatonin of different concentrations present a significant decrease in electrical conductivity and mass molar concentration of malondialdehyde(P<0.05) while a significant increase in the content of soluble protein, proline and ascorbic acid (P<0.05). In particular, the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD), catalase(CAT) and peroxidase(POD)(P<0.05)has been significantly promoted, which helps enhance the scavenging activity of reactive oxygen species(ROS) under salt stress. Conclusion The exogenous melatonin treatment could enhance the activity of antioxidant enzymes and increase the osmotic substance content to avoid lipid peroxidation and improve rose salt tolerant ability. [Ch, 3 fig. 21 ref.] -
Key words:
- plant physiology /
- Rosa chinensis ‘Old Blush’ /
- melatonin /
- salt stress /
- alleviation
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https://zlxb.zafu.edu.cn/article/doi/10.11833/j.issn.2095-0756.20190604