Cutting test of Catalpa bungei and change analysis of cutting contents
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摘要:
目的 探索楸树Catalpa bungei扦插生根机制，研究插穗生根过程的形态特征和生理生化特性。 方法 采用ABT生根粉1号(GGR-6)浸泡处理楸树插穗，以蒸馏水浸泡为对照，测定扦插生根不同阶段相关酶活性、营养物质及生根抑制物质的变化规律。 结果 GGR-6处理显著促进插穗生根，生根率达到82.04%，高于对照(P＜0.01)。生根过程中，超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性在大量愈伤组织形成期均上升；SOD、PPO最大值出现在不定根大量形成期，分别为623.33×16.67和57.44×16.67 nkat·g−1，POD在不定根大量形成期下降；3种酶均与生根率成显著正相关。插穗可溶性糖、碳氮比(C/N)在大量愈伤组织形成期急剧下降，仅为扦插初时的40%左右，扦插20 d时达到最大值。可溶性蛋白质、总氮质量分数总体呈下降趋势，25~30 d时为最小值；GGR-6处理下插穗内营养物质变化幅度大，且最大值均高于对照；总氮质量分数与生根率负相关(P＜0.05)，可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质、C/N均与生根率显著正相关(P＜0.05)；气相色谱质谱联用仪(GC-MS)鉴定出4种与生根相关的物质，其中3种可能抑制生根，1种可能促进生根。 结论 插穗抗氧化酶活性的提高促进了楸树不定根的发生；可溶性糖与可溶性蛋白质是插穗生根的主要营养物质；初步推断槲皮素、亚油酸、棕榈酸抑制插穗生根，植物甾醇促进插穗生根。图2表4参32 Abstract:Objective The objective of this study is to explore the rooting mechanism of Catalpa bungei, as well as the morphological characteristics and physiological and biochemical characteristics of cuttings during rooting process. Method The cuttings of C. bungei were treated with dissolved GGR-6 to promote rooting, and the enzyme activities, nutrients and rooting inhibitors in different rooting stages were measured. Result GGR-6 treatment significantly promoted the rooting of cuttings, and the rooting rate reached 82.04%, higher than that of the control treatment (P＜0.01). During the rooting process, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) increased during the formation of a large number of callus, and the maximum values of SOD and PPO were 623.33×16.67 and 57.44×16.67 nkat·g−1, respectively. POD activity decreased during the formation of adventitious roots, and the three enzymes were positively correlated with the rooting rate. The soluble sugar and C/N ratio in cuttings decreased sharply at the callus stage, only about 40% of the initial value, and reached the maximum at 20 days of cutting. The soluble protein and total nitrogen showed a decreasing trend, and reached the minimum at 25−30 days. Under GGR-6 treatment, the change range of nutrients in cuttings was large, and the maximum values were higher than those of the control. Total nitrogen content was negatively correlated with rooting rate (P＜0.05), while soluble sugar, soluble protein and C/N were significantly positively correlated with rooting rate (P＜0.05). GC-MS analysis identified four rooting related substances, three of which might inhibit rooting and one might promote rooting. Conclusion The increase of antioxidant enzyme activities of cuttings can promote the occurrence of adventitious roots of C. bungei. Soluble sugar and soluble protein are the main nutrients of cuttings. Quercetin, linoleic acid and palmitic acid may inhibit the rooting of cuttings and phytosterol may promote the rooting of cuttings. [Ch, 2 fig. 4 tab. 32 ref.] -
Key words:
- Catalpa bungei /
- cuttings /
- enzymes /
- nutrients /
- rooting inhibitor
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表 1 不同处理对插穗生根进程的影响
Table 1. Rooting morphology of cuttings with different treatments
大量愈伤组织出现/d 不定根发生/d 不定根大量形成/d 生根率/% GGR-6 8.34 ± 1.94 b 15.43 ± 0.51 a 23.20 ± 1.02 a 82.04 ± 0.71 a 对照 14.24 ± 0.16 a 21.93 ± 1.64 a 34.54 ± 0.63 a 66.21 ± 3.57 b F 8.550 0.077 13.727 20.675 P 0.018 0.926 0.307 ＜0.001 说明：F表示组间和组内的离差平方和与自由度的比值，同列不同小写字母表示不同处理间差异显著(P＜0.05) 
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表 2 SOD、POD、PPO活性与生根率的相关性
Table 2. Correlation of SOD, POD, PPO activity and rooting rate
指标 生根率 SOD活性 POD活性 PPO活性 生根率 1 SOD活性 0.68 1 POD活性 0.87* 0.98** 1 PPO活性 0.93** 0.76 0.94** 1 说明：*和**分别表示在0.05和0.01水平上显著相关
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表 3 营养物质含量与生根率的相关性
Table 3. Correlation of nutrient content and rooting rate
指标 生根率 w可溶性糖 w可溶性蛋白质 w总氮 C/N 生根率 1 w可溶性糖 0.82* 1 w可溶性蛋白质 0.96** 0.61 1 w总氮 −0.69 −0.44 −0.78 1 C/N 0.83* 0.94** 0.66 −0.81* 1 说明：*和**分别表示在0.05和0.01水平上显著相关
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表 4 有机化合物种类及相对含量
Table 4. Types and relative contents of the organic compounds
阶段 邻苯二甲酸/% (9E，12E)-亚油酸/% 硬脂酸/% 乙酸十八脂/% 棕榈酸/% 6-叔丁基苯酚/% 槲皮素/% 植物甾醇/% 扦插前期 10.87 11.05 6.48 6.47 14.69 9.43 8.37 3.28 愈伤期 8.15 2.08 6.33 13.21 4.56 6.96 生根期 2.65 4.45 3.74 2.92 35.22 阶段 维生素E/% 十六碳三烯酸甲酯/% 硬脂腈/% 邻苯三酚/% 二十烷 2-羟基苯乙酸/% 未知/% 扦插前期 12.07 愈伤期 5.65 6.16 8.01 生根期 28.86 2.99 7.44
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