Biocontrol effect of Penicillium oxalicum and Trichoderma asperellum on Ralstonia solanacearum
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摘要:
目的 探究自主筛选获得的2株生防菌棘孢木霉Trichoderma asperellum QZ2与草酸青霉Penicillium oxalicum QZ8对青枯劳尔氏菌Ralstonia solanacearum(简称青枯菌)的生防效果。 方法 以青枯菌作为靶标菌，通过平板培养法、生长曲线法测定2株生防菌及其发酵液对青枯菌生长的抑制作用；通过土培试验、基于稀释涂布法测定生防菌在土壤中对青枯菌的抑制效果。 结果 平板对峙培养试验发现：棘孢木霉QZ2和草酸青霉QZ8对青枯菌有显著的抑制作用(P＜0.05)，抑制率分别达80.9%和45.9%；棘孢木霉QZ2与草酸青霉QZ8生防菌高温灭菌发酵液对平板培养青枯菌，同样呈显著的抑制作用(P＜0.05)，抑制率分别达33.3%和34.8%。无菌滤膜处理的未高温灭菌2株生防菌发酵液的青枯菌液培养结果表明：其D(600)显著小于未添加生防菌发酵液的对照D(600)(P＜0.05)，且棘孢青霉QZ8抑制效果好于草酸木霉QZ2。土壤培养结果显示：2株生防菌处理的土壤中青枯菌的活菌数量显著低于未添加生防菌的对照(P＜0.05)。 结论 棘孢木霉QZ2和草酸青霉QZ8对青枯菌均有显著的抑制效果，可作为番茄Lycopersicon esculentum青枯病的潜在生防菌。图5表2参32 Abstract:Objective This study aims to investigate the effect of two biocontrol strains Trichoderma asperellum QZ2 and Penicillium oxalicum QZ8 on Ralstonia solanacearum (bacterial blight for short) With the help of T. asperellum QZ2 and P. oxalicum QZ8 screened by our laboratory, the effect of two biocontrol strains on R. solanacearum was investigated. Hereinafter referred to as the biocontrol effect of bacterial blight. Method Using bacterial blight as the target, The the inhibition effect of biocontrol bacteria and their fermentation broth on the growth of bacterial bacterial blight was determined by plate culture method and growth curve method. Soil culture test and dilution coating method were used to determine the inhibitory effect of biocontrol bacteria on bacterial blight in soil. Result In plate confrontation culture experiment, test showed that QZ2 and QZ8 had significant inhibitory effects on bacterial blight (P＜0.05), with inhibition rates of 80.9% and 45.9%, respectively. The plate culture with high temperature sterilized fermentation broth of QZ2 and QZ8 two biocontrol strains also showed significant inhibition effect on bacterial blight in plate culture (P＜0.05), and the inhibition rates of QZ2 and QZ8 on bacterial blight reached were 33.3% and 34.8%, respectively. The fermentation broth on the growth of bacterial blight results showed that the D(600) value of the treatment was significantly lower than that of the control (P＜0.05), and the inhibition effect of QZ2 was better than that of QZ8. Soil culture test results showed that the number of viable bacteria of R solanacearum in soil treated by with two biocontrol strains was significantly lower than that of ck (P＜0.05). Conclusion In this experiment, the biocontrol strains of QZ2 and QZ8, which were extracted independently, had have significant inhibitory effects on bacterial blight wilt, and could can be positioned identified as potential biocontrol bacteria of tomato bacterial wilt. [Ch, 5 fig. 2 tab. 32 ref.] -
图 2 生防菌灭菌发酵液平板培养结果
Figure 2 Inhibitory effect of supernatant of sterilized fermentation broth incubated for 10 days
图 3 生防菌活性发酵液对青枯菌数量变化的影响
Figure 3 Effect of efermination broth on number of soil R. solanacearum
图 4 不同处理土壤青枯菌数量变化
Figure 4 Number of R. solanacearum in soil under different treatments
图 5 土壤中棘孢木霉QZ2和草酸青霉QZ8的数量变化
Figure 5 Quantitative changes of T. asperellum QZ2 and P. oxalicum QZ8 in soil
表 1 平板对峙中棘孢木霉QZ2和草酸青霉QZ8对青枯菌的抑制率
Table 1. Inhibition rate of T. asperellum QZ2 and P. oxalicum QZ8 against R. solanacearum in plate confrontation
培养时
间/d对照
菌落直
径/cmQZ2 QZ8 菌落直
径/cm抑制
率/%菌落直
径/cm抑制
率/%4 4.15±0.07 a 2.10±0.04 b 45.5 2.88±0.83 b 30.5 6 5.50±0.00 a 2.30±0.00 b 80.8 3.35±1.00 b 39.1 8 6.70±0.00 a 2.50±0.11 b 79.7 3.62±1.15 b 46.0 10 6.90±0.14 a 2.50±0.04 b 80.9 3.73±1.26 b 45.9 说明：数据代表平均值±标准差，同行数据后小写字母表示
不同处理间差异显著性(P＜0.05)
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表 2 棘孢木霉QZ2和草酸青霉QZ8灭菌发酵液对青枯菌的抑制情况
Table 2. Inhibition effect of sterilized fermentation supernatant of biocontrol broth on the growth of R. solanacearum
天数/d 对照菌落
直径/cmQZ2 QZ8 菌落直
径/cm抑制
率/%菌落直
径/cm抑制
率/%4 4.15±0.07 a 3.8±0.10 b 9.6 3.40±0.02 b 18.1 6 5.50±0.00 a 4.6±0.60 b 16.4 4.50±0.00 b 29.1 8 6.70±0.00 a 4.6±0.60 b 31.3 4.50±0.01 b 32.8 10 6.90±0.14 a 4.6±0.60 b 33.3 4.50±0.01 b 34.8 说明：数据代表平均值±标准差，同一行数据后小写字母，表
示不同处理间差异显著性(P＜0.05)
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