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丛枝菌根真菌共生对石漠化生境白枪杆生长及光合特性的影响
doi: 10.11833/j.issn.2095-0756.20210740
Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi symbiosis on growth and photosynthetic characteristics of Fraxinus malacophylla in
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摘要:
目的 探究石漠化生境丛枝菌根真菌共生对白枪杆Fraxinus malacophylla生长及光合特征的影响，为植被恢复选取优势菌种提供参考。 方法 设置摩西斗管囊霉Funneliformis mosseae+农林生物肥(MN)、幼套近明球囊霉Claroideoglomus etunicatum+农林生物肥(YN)、根内根孢囊霉Rhizophagus intraradices+农林生物肥(GN)、农林生物肥(ck)共4个处理，测定不同处理下白枪杆生长(树高、胸径、根和叶生物量、叶面积、叶片色素及叶绿素)及光合特征(净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间二氧化碳摩尔分数、蒸腾速率、水分利用效率等)的变化。 结果 ①接种丛枝菌根真菌显著促进了白枪杆的生长与叶、根生物量积累(P＜0.05)。②接种摩西斗管囊霉和根内根孢囊霉显著提高了白枪杆叶绿素a、叶绿素b、叶黄素的相对含量(P＜0.05)，提升率达6%~67%。③接种丛枝菌根真菌显著提高了白枪杆的净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率与水分利用效率(P＜0.05)，显著降低了胞间二氧化碳摩尔分数(P＜0.05)。④主成分分析表明：气孔导度、树高、叶黄素是提高净光合速率的主控因子，平均贡献率达45.81%，叶绿素b、生物量和总叶绿素的影响次之。 结论 丛枝菌根真菌共生主要通过促进植株生长、光合色素含量，显著提高白枪杆净光合速率，其中摩西斗管囊霉为最优菌种。图5表2参33 Abstract:Objective This study aims to explore the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal symbiosis on growth and photosynthetic characteristics of Fraxinus malacophylla in rocky desertification habitats, so as to provide data reference for selecting dominant AM fungal species for vegetation restoration. Method An experiment was designed with four treatments: Funneliformis mosseae+agroforestry biofertilizer (MN), Claroideoglomus etunicatum+agroforestry biofertilizer (YN), Rhizophagus intraradices+agroforestry biofertilizer (GN) and agroforestry biofertilizer (ck). The changes in F. malacophylla growth (tree height, diameter at breast height, leaf and root biomass, leaf area, leaf pigment and chlorophyll) and photosynthetic characteristics (net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2 concentration, transpiration rate, and leaf water use efficiency, etc.) were measured under different treatments. Result (1) Inoculation with AM fungi significantly promoted the growth of F. malacophylla and biomass accumulation of leaf and root(P＜0.05). (2) Inoculation with MN and GN significantly increased the relative contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and lutein in plant leaves (P＜0.05), and the increase rate was 6%−67%. (3) Inoculation with AM fungi significantly increased the net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, and water use efficiency of F. malacophylla (P＜0.05), but significantly decreased the intercellular CO2 concentration (P＜0.05). (4) Principal component analysis indicated that the stomatal conductance, tree height, and lutein were the key factors to increase the net photosynthetic rate, with an average contribution rate of 45.81%, followed by chlorophyll b, biomass and total chlorophyll. Conclusion AM fungal symbiosis can significantly improve the net photosynthetic rate of F. malacophylla by promoting plant growth and photosynthetic pigment content. The optimal strain is F. mosseae. [Ch, 5 fig. 2 tab. 33 ref.] -
图 1 不同丛枝菌根真菌处理下白枪杆树高和胸径的变化
Figure 1 Changes of tree height and diameter at breast height of F. malacophylla under different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi treatments
图 2 不同丛枝菌根真菌处理下白枪杆根和叶生物量的变化
Figure 2 Changes of root and leaf biomass of F. malacophylla under different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi treatments
图 3 不同丛枝菌根真菌处理下白枪杆叶片色素和叶黄素质量分数的变化
Figure 3 Changes of pigment and lutein contents of F. malacophylla under different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi treatments
图 4 不同丛枝菌根真菌处理下白枪杆叶片光合特征的日变化
Figure 4 Daily changes of leaf photosynthetic characteristics of F. malacophylla under different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi treatments
图 5 不同丛枝菌根真菌处理下白枪杆净光合速率与植物生长特征之间的关系
Figure 5 Relationship between net photosynthetic rates and plant growth of F. malacophylla with different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi treatments
表 1 白枪杆光合特征参数间的相关关系
Table 1. Correlation among photosynthetic characteristic parameters of F. malacophylla
指标 Pn Gs Ci Tr Ewu Pn 1 0.950** −0.690** 0.562** 0.087 Gs 1 −0.565** 0.512* 0.081 Ci 1 −0.675** 0.160 Tr 1 −0.690** Ewu 1 说明：*表示差异显著(P＜0.05)；**表示差异极显著 (P＜0.01) 
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表 2 白枪杆光合参数与叶片色素、生长指标之间的关系
Table 2. Correlation among photosynthetic parameters, leaf pigments and plant growth indices of F. malacophylla
指标 净光合
速率叶绿素a 叶绿素b 总叶绿素 叶黄素 胸径 树高 根鲜质量 根干质量 叶鲜质量 叶干质量 叶面积 净光合速率 1 叶绿素a 0.359 1 叶绿素b 0.466* 0.928** 1 总叶绿素 0.494* 0.968** 0.989** 1 叶黄素 0.603** 0.723** 0.805** 0.819** 1 胸径 0.203 0.123 0.012 0.141 −0.036 1 树高 0.769** −0.003 0.125 0.120 0.171 0.148 1 根鲜质量 0.496* 0.152 0.312 0.264 0.404 −0.086 0.583** 1 根干质量 0.553** 0.078 0.261 0.238 0.353 −0.252 0.652** 0.918** 1 叶鲜质量 0.615** 0.199 0.331 0.319 0.468* −0.143 0.607** 0.910** 0.873** 1 叶干质量 0.559** 0.238 0.330 0.316 0.508* −0.234 0.499* 0.759** 0.686** 0.900** 1 叶面积 0.597** 0.062 0.227 0.165 0.279 −0.078 0.787** 0.819** 0.884** 0.858** 0.716** 1 说明：*表示差异显著(P＜0.05)；**表示差异极显著(P＜0.01)
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