果园废弃物生物质炭在果园中应用效果的研究进展

张弼; 方先芝; 马嘉伟; 吴愉萍; 潘贤; 叶黎挺; 柳丹; 叶正钱

doi:10.11833/j.issn.2095-0756.20220535

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果园废弃物生物质炭在果园中应用效果的研究进展

doi: 10.11833/j.issn.2095-0756.20220535

张弼^{1, 2,},
方先芝^{1, 2},
马嘉伟^{1, 2},
吴愉萍³,
潘贤⁴,
叶黎挺⁵,
柳丹^{1, 2},
叶正钱^{1, 2, ,}

1.
浙江农林大学浙江省土壤污染生物修复重点实验室，浙江杭州 311300
2.
浙江农林大学省部共建亚热带森林培育国家重点实验室，浙江杭州 311300
3.
浙江省宁波市农业农村局，浙江宁波 315012
4.
象山县耕地质量与肥料管理总站，浙江象山 315799
5.
象山墙头先浩家庭农场，浙江象山 315716

基金项目: 浙江省2022年度“尖兵” “领雁”研发攻关计划项目(2022C02022)；象山县科技计划项目(2022C1009)

详细信息

作者简介: 张弼(ORCID: 0000-0002-5342-5614)，从事耕地质量培育与提升研究。E-mail: 727057679@qq.com

通信作者: 叶正钱(ORCID:0000-0002-6321-815X)，教授，博士，从事土壤肥力与植物营养研究。E-mail: yezhq@zafu.edu.cn

中图分类号: S714.6

Research progress on application effect of orchard waste biochar in orchard

ZHANG Bi^{1, 2
,},
FANG Xianzhi^{1, 2},
MA Jiawei^{1, 2},
WU Yuping³,
PAN Xian⁴,
YE Liting⁵,
LIU Dan^{1, 2},
YE Zhengqian^{1, 2
, ,}

1.
Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, China
2.
State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, China
3.
Ningbo Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Ningbo 315012, Zhejiang, China
4.
General Station of Arable Land Quality and Fertilizer Management of Xiangshan County, Xiangshan 315799, Zhejiang, China
5.
Xianhao Family Farm in Qiangtou of Xiangshan County, Xiangshan 315716, Zhejiang, China

摘要: 处理果园废弃物是果园生产中的重要环节，传统方式主要有填埋、饲料、焚化、堆肥、厌氧消化、酶利用等。果园废弃物生物质炭是以果园生产中的废弃物为原料，通过热解技术转化后获得生物质炭，再将生物质炭返还于果园。这样不仅改良了果园土壤，还保障和提高了果实产量和品质。果园废弃物在果园中的合理应用对果园生产效率和生态环境具有重要的稳定作用，开展果园废弃物生物质炭的研究对其在果园中的合理应用和演变机质具有重要的科学意义和应用价值。目前，果园废弃物生物质炭的研究集中于不同类别果园废弃物生物质炭的制备原理和性质，改良土壤的效果以及有机肥配施对果园生产的影响。未来应重点关注：①进一步分类果园废弃物，制备更多满足差异化需求的生物质炭；②比较不同类别果园废弃物生物质炭施用的生产效益；③制备果园专用生物质炭基有机肥；④探讨果园废弃物生物质炭对果园生态环境的影响。图1表2参94
- 果园 /
- 果园废弃物 /
- 生物质炭
Abstract: Treatment of orchard waste is an important link in orchard production. The carbonization of orchard waste is a green, environmentally friendly and low-carbon mode of production, which can improve orchard soil, as well as yield and quality of fruits. Therefore, it’s of great scientific significance and application value to carry out research on orchard waste biochar for its rational application and evolution in orchard. The current research on biochar from orchard wastes was reviewed, which mainly focused on the preparation principle and properties of biochar from different types of orchard wastes and the effects on soil improvement, and the impact of its application combined with organic fertilizer on orchard production. The future research directions are proposed: (1) To further classify the orchard wastes to prepare more biochar to meet the differentiated needs. (2) To compare the production benefits of different types of orchard waste biochar application. (3) To prepare biochar-based organic fertilizer for orchard. (4) To explore the effect of orchard waste biochar on orchard environment and ecology. [Ch, 1 fig. 2 tab. 94 ref.]
- orchard /
- orchard waste /
- biochar

图 1 果园废弃物生物质炭循环利用过程

Figure 1 Biochar recycling process for orchard waste

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 果园废弃物生物质炭制作条件和性质

Table 1. Methods and properties of orchard waste biochar production

原材料	热解温度/℃	热解时间/h	有机碳/(g·kg⁻¹)	全碳/%	全氮/%	全磷/%	全钾/%	炭产量/%
橙子皮	350	3	65.58		2.26	0.66	0.05	32.5
	100~600	1	10.85		1.56
	300	2		80.72	2.55
	350	2	8.58		0.17	12.2	18.62
柑橘枝	500	2		80.6	0.87	0.3	1.08
香蕉花梗	300	1		37.79				66
香蕉花梗	500	1		41.86				40
香蕉皮	350	3	5.54		1.9	1.26	0.42	40
香蕉茎叶	500	2		462.5	1.36	0.54	4.27
苹果树枝	450	1		82.15	1.28
苹果树皮	450	1		68.96	2.93
苹果枝	700	2		74.21	1.29			32.6
	300	2		62.2	1.69			47.94
	600	2		80.1	1.28			28.48
椰子壳	400			47.92	1.34			43.33
	600			58.43	1.02			36.00
	800			67.31	0.87			34.00
	1000			74.08	0.50			31.00
海枣树废弃物	300			57.99	0.54			49.97
	400			66.87	0.45			36.54
	500			72.30	0.42			32.38
	600			72.89	0.39			30.88
	700			73.42	0.35			28.84
	800			74.63	0.31			27.40

原材料	灰分/%	挥发物/%	水分/%	pH	比表面积/(m²·g⁻¹)	碳氮比	文献
橙子皮	7.8	21.4	6.2	9.97			SIAL等^[22]
	5.5	70.0	13	9.43			STELLA等^[23]
					352.5	31.65	ADENIYI等^[24]
	9.1			10.02			OGUNKUNLE等^[25]
柑橘枝				9.23	4.85	92.64	逄玉万等^[26]
香蕉花梗	24.84	33.69	26.28	8.1			KARIM等^[27]
	35.48	24.37	21.26	10.2
香蕉皮	9.8	26.5	5.2	10.88			SIAL等^[28]
香蕉茎叶	19.05			10.33	80.51	340.07	徐广平等^[29]
苹果树枝	2.01			9.47	40.38	64.18	石钧元等^[30]
苹果树皮	12.00			12.36	55.14	23.54
苹果枝	8.9			10		57.53	曹辉等^[31]
	6.72	60.77			2.39	36.80	ZHAO等^[32]
	9.40	14.86			108.59	62.58
椰子壳	26.27	30.56		8.5	39.57	35.76	SUMAN等^[33]
	21.99	20.82		9.64	120.73	57.28
	17.32	5.33		10.87	256.60	77.37
	12.03	4.72		11.02	590.41	148.46
海枣树废弃物	14.42	40.08	3.29			107.39	USMAN等^[34]
	16.34	20.25	3.13			148.60
	19.68	9.31	2.96			172.14
	20.71	6.85	2.25			186.90
	21.05	5.47	2.12			209.77
	21.39	3.91	2.09			240.74
说明：橙子Citrus sinensis；柑橘C. reticulata；香蕉Musa nana；苹果Malus pumila；椰子Cocos nucifera；海枣树 Phoenix dactylifera。表中百分数均为质量分数

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表 2 废弃物处理方式和危害

Table 2. Waste disposal methods and hazards

废弃物处理方式	潜在风险	文献
填埋	异味重、人为产生甲烷的最大来源之一	SRIDHAR等^[64]
饲料	重金属危害	GARCÍA等^[65]
焚化	颗粒污染、温室气体排放	DENG 等^[66]
堆肥	污染地表和地下水、增加土壤盐度	SAYARA等^[67]
厌氧消化	控制条件多	CHATTERJEE等 ^[68]
酶利用	经济可行性	KAUR等^[69]

下载: 导出CSV

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果园废弃物生物质炭在果园中应用效果的研究进展

doi: 10.11833/j.issn.2095-0756.20220535

作者简介: 张弼(ORCID: 0000-0002-5342-5614)，从事耕地质量培育与提升研究。E-mail: 727057679@qq.com

通信作者: 叶正钱(ORCID:0000-0002-6321-815X)，教授，博士，从事土壤肥力与植物营养研究。E-mail: yezhq@zafu.edu.cn

Research progress on application effect of orchard waste biochar in orchard

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果园废弃物生物质炭在果园中应用效果的研究进展

doi: 10.11833/j.issn.2095-0756.20220535

作者简介:
张弼(ORCID: 0000-0002-5342-5614)，从事耕地质量培育与提升研究。E-mail: 727057679@qq.com

通信作者: 叶正钱(ORCID:0000-0002-6321-815X)，教授，博士，从事土壤肥力与植物营养研究。E-mail: yezhq@zafu.edu.cn

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Research progress on application effect of orchard waste biochar in orchard

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果园废弃物生物质炭在果园中应用效果的研究进展

doi: 10.11833/j.issn.2095-0756.20220535

作者简介: 张弼(ORCID: 0000-0002-5342-5614)，从事耕地质量培育与提升研究。E-mail: 727057679@qq.com

通信作者: 叶正钱(ORCID:0000-0002-6321-815X)，教授，博士，从事土壤肥力与植物营养研究。E-mail: yezhq@zafu.edu.cn

Research progress on application effect of orchard waste biochar in orchard

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果园废弃物生物质炭在果园中应用效果的研究进展

doi: 10.11833/j.issn.2095-0756.20220535

作者简介: 张弼(ORCID: 0000-0002-5342-5614)，从事耕地质量培育与提升研究。E-mail: 727057679@qq.com

通信作者: 叶正钱(ORCID:0000-0002-6321-815X)，教授，博士，从事土壤肥力与植物营养研究。E-mail: yezhq@zafu.edu.cn

English Abstract

Research progress on application effect of orchard waste biochar in orchard

目录

作者简介:
张弼(ORCID: 0000-0002-5342-5614)，从事耕地质量培育与提升研究。E-mail: 727057679@qq.com