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全球气候变化是人类目前面临的最为严峻的挑战,威胁着人类的生存和发展。自工业化时期以来,由于人口大幅增加和经济快速增长,造成了大量人为温室气体排放,成为全球气候变暖的主要诱因。世界气象组织(WMO)最新数据显示,2020年大气二氧化碳(CO2)质量分数高达410 mg·kg−1,比工业革命前增长60%。联合国政府间气候变化专门委员会(IPCC)第6次评估报告指出:从未来20 a的平均气温变化来看,全球升温预计将达1.5 ℃。目前,应对气候变化已成为全球共识,减少温室气体排放是缓解全球气候变暖的有效途径[1]。在此背景下,中国政府在2020年第75届联合国大会上向世界承诺,力争于2030年前实现CO2排放达到峰值,努力争取2060年前实现碳中和。碳达峰碳中和(“双碳”)是一场广泛而深刻的经济社会系统性变革,碳达峰碳中和目标纳入中国生态文明建设整体布局,上升为国家战略。种植业是实现碳达峰碳中和目标的重要领域之一。与其他行业不同,种植业既是重要的温室气体排放源,又有着巨大的固碳增汇潜力,推进种植业领域减排增汇将在实现碳达峰碳中和目标进程中发挥举足轻重的作用[2−3]。本研究针对种植业碳达峰碳中和目标的实现途径进行梳理总结,并提出进一步的见解,从而为种植业助力国家实现碳达峰碳中和目标提供理论支撑和科学建议。
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