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长链非编码 RNA (lncRNA)是一类长度大于200个核苷酸的调控RNA,不具有编码蛋白质能力[1−2]。根据 lncRNA 在基因组上的位置,通常被分为长内含子非编码 RNA (intronic lncRNA)、长基因间非编码RNA (lincRNAs) 和长非编码自然反义转录本 (lncNATs)[3−4]。lncRNA 具有顺式调控和反式调控2种调控模式。顺式调控是指 lncRNA 对距离较近的 mRNA 的一种转录激活与表达调控方式。lncRNA 主要以序列互补为原理结合在未解链的染色质大沟中,或者解链的 DNA 链上。反式调控是指 lncRNA 通过与启动子和增强子或与这些位点结合并受影响的其他蛋白质相互作用来调节非连锁基因的表达、染色质状态和 RNA 聚合酶活性[5]。
lncRNA 可以起到支架的作用,组织蛋白复合物,充当亚细胞结构,从而行使功能。lncRNA 以剂量依赖形式在细胞质或者细胞核内调控结合的蛋白或者 RNA 的活性[6]。lncRNA 还可以通过与 RNA 或 DNA 的序列互补性或同源性,在结构上形成大分子复合物组装的分子框架和支架[7]。lncRNA 可作为与其互作分子的招募者、引导者和信号分子等,通过表观遗传调控、转录调控、转录后调控和翻译调控而发挥其功能[8−12]。研究表明:lncRNA 在毛竹Phyllostachys edulis次生壁的合成过程中发挥重要作用[13]。
转座子是生物体的重要组成成分。研究表明:许多 lncRNA 来源于转座子序列,称为转座子来源的lncRNA (TE-lncRNA1)[14−15]。23%的拟南芥Arabidopsis thaliana、50%的水稻Oryza sativa、51%的玉米Zea mays的 TE-lncRNA 主要来源于逆转座子序列[16−17]。它主要参与作物的生长发育、非生物胁迫应答等不同的生物过程[18]。转座子来源的 lncRNA 受胁迫诱导表达,且表达量较高,具有较高的研究价值[19]。
毛竹分布范围广,种植面积大,是中国极为重要的非木材森林资源[20]。吴佳军[21]构建了低温、高温、紫外、高盐等4种胁迫毛竹全转录组数据库。在本研究中,我们利用4种胁迫全转录组数据库筛选并鉴定了在紫外胁迫下差异表达的1个lncRNA,它来源于 LARD 转座子序列,命名为Ph-TElncRNA1。本研究以毛竹Ph-TElncRNA1为研究对象,鉴定其调控的靶基因,分析了其与靶基因的表达协同性,以及Ph-TElncRNA1和靶基因在叶片着色过程中的表达趋势,初步探究了Ph-TElncRNA1的功能。
Identification of Ph-TElncRNA1 in Phyllostachys edulis and its regulation of target genes
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摘要:
目的 旨在探究毛竹Phyllostachys edulis Ph-TElncRNA1及靶基因的表达模式,初步分析lncRNA的功能。 方法 基于高温、低温、紫外、高盐胁迫处理毛竹实生苗全转录组测序数据,筛选在胁迫下差异表达的lncRNA。通过CNCI、Pfam、CPC2、PLEK等4个软件对lncRNA的编码特性进行分析,用LncRNATar软件鉴定lncRNA的靶基因,通过实时荧光定量PCR分析lncRNA和靶基因在紫外胁迫下和叶片着色过程中的表达模式。 结果 筛选到1个在紫外胁迫下差异表达的lncRNA,此lncRNA来源于LARD转座子序列(large retrotransposons derivatives),命名为Ph-TElncRNA1 (Phyllostachys edulis transposable element derived lncRNA1)。Ph-TElncRNA1是一个典型的非编码RNA,全长为342 bp,其中,185个碱基来源于外显子,157个碱基来源于内含子。Ph-TElncRNA1的靶基因为psbA,编码photosystem Ⅱprotein D1。实时荧光定量结果表明:Ph-TElncRNA1与psbA的相对表达量呈完全相同的趋势,说明在紫外胁迫下Ph-TElncRNA1与psbA呈正相关。通过Ph-TElncRNA1和psbA在不同着色时期的毛竹叶片的相对表达量分析,发现在叶绿体形成期,Ph-TElncRNA1和psbA表达量达到峰值。 结论 Ph-TElncRNA1和psbA在紫外胁迫下协同表达,Ph-TElncRNA1可以通过调控靶基因psbA参与毛竹叶片发育。图7参33 -
关键词:
- Ph-TElncRNA1 /
- 叶片着色 /
- D1蛋白 /
- 毛竹
Abstract:Objective The purpose of this study is to explore the expression patterns of Ph-TElncRNA1 and target genes in Phyllostachys edulis, and to preliminarily analyze the function of lncRNA. Method Based on the whole transcriptome sequencing data of Ph. edulis seedlings under high temperature, low temperature, ultraviolet and high salt stress, lncRNAs differentially expressed under stress were screened. The coding characteristics of lncRNA were analyzed by four kinds of software (CNCI, Pfam, CPC2 and PLEK), and the target genes of lncRNA were identified by LncTar software. The expression patterns of lncRNA and target genes under UV stress and leaf coloration were analyzed by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR. Result One differentially expressed lncRNA under UV stress was screened, which was derived from the lncRNA of the Large retrotransposons derivatives and named Ph-TElncRNA1 (Ph. edulis transposable element derived lncRNA1). Ph-TElncRNA1 was a typical non-coding RNA with a total length of 342 bp, 185 bases from exons and 157 bases from introns. The target gene of Ph-TElncRNA1 was psbA, encoding photosystem Ⅱ protein D1. Real time fluorescence quantitative results showed that the relative expression of Ph-TElncRNA1 and psbA was the same, indicating that Ph-TElncRNA1 was positively correlated with psbA under UV stress. Through the analysis of the relative expression of Ph-TElncRNA1 and psbA in Ph. edulis leavesat different coloring stages, it was found that the expression of psbA and Ph-TElncRNA1 reached the peak during chloroplast formation stage. Conclusion Ph-TElncRNA1 and psbA are co-expressed under UV stress, and Ph-TElncRNA1 can participate in the leaf development of Ph. edulis by regulating the target gene psbA. [Ch, 7 fig. 33 ref.] -
Key words:
- Ph-TElncRNA1 /
- leaf coloration /
- D1 protein /
- Phyllostachys edulis
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https://zlxb.zafu.edu.cn/article/doi/10.11833/j.issn.2095-0756.20220396