Effects of biochar application on soil nitrogen transformation and N<sub>2</sub>O emissions: a review

QU Tianhua; LI Yongfu; ZHANG Shaobo; LI Linlin; LI Yongchun; LIU Juan

doi:10.11833/j.issn.2095-0756.20200549

Volume 38 Issue 5

Oct. 2021

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QU Tianhua, LI Yongfu, ZHANG Shaobo, LI Linlin, LI Yongchun, LIU Juan. Effects of biochar application on soil nitrogen transformation and N2O emissions: a review[J]. Journal of Zhejiang A&F University, 2021, 38(5): 926-936. doi: 10.11833/j.issn.2095-0756.20200549

Citation:

QU Tianhua, LI Yongfu, ZHANG Shaobo, LI Linlin, LI Yongchun, LIU Juan. Effects of biochar application on soil nitrogen transformation and N₂O emissions: a review[J]. Journal of Zhejiang A&F University, 2021, 38(5): 926-936. doi: 10.11833/j.issn.2095-0756.20200549

Effects of biochar application on soil nitrogen transformation and N₂O emissions: a review

doi: 10.11833/j.issn.2095-0756.20200549

QU Tianhua^{1, 2
,},
LI Yongfu^{1, 2
,
,},
ZHANG Shaobo²,
LI Linlin²,
LI Yongchun^{1, 2},
LIU Juan^{1, 2}

1.
State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, China
2.
College of Environment and Resources, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, China

Received Date: 2020-09-01
Rev Recd Date: 2020-09-27

Available Online: 2021-10-12

Publish Date: 2021-10-20

Abstract

The sustainability and uncertainty of global climate warming have a profound impact on the sustainable development of human society. The continuous increase of atmospheric N₂O concentration is one of the major contributions to the global climate warming. Soil is an important site of nitrogen transformation and a biochemical reaction reservoir of the nitrogen cycle, and also an important source of N₂O emissions. Therefore, changes in soil N₂O emission rate will significantly affect atmospheric N₂O concentration. Biochar refers to the aromatic chemicals prepared by pyrolysis of biomass under the condition of complete or partial hypoxia. Biochar has the characteristics of porosity, strong adsorption, chemical stability, high pH and large cation exchange capacity. After it is applied to soils, biochar will directly or indirectly affect the transformation process of soil nitrogen and significantly affect the soil N₂O emissions. This article reviewed the research progress of biochar effects on nitrogen transformation and N₂O emission in the soil ecosystem, elaborated the effects of biochar input on the dynamic changes of soil inorganic nitrogen, nitrification, denitrification and N₂O emission. Futher, in terms of biochar’s absorption and reduction of nitrogen leaching, effects on soil physicochemical properties, abundance and diversity of soil ammonia oxidizing bacterial, along with functional genes of denitrifying bacteria, the machamnisms influencing the processes above-mentioned are specifically elucidated in details. The future research of biochar in increasing soil sinks, reducing emissions and mitigating the greenhouse effect, as well as the related technology promotion, have been prospected. [Ch, 109 ref.]
- soil sciences,
- biochar,
- soil nitrogen,
- nitrification,
- denitrification,
- N₂O emissions

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沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

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氧化亚氮(N₂O)是仅次于二氧化碳(CO₂)和甲烷(CH₄)的第三大强效温室气体，百年尺度下的全球变暖潜能值(GWP)是CO₂的300倍^[1]。据估计，大气N₂O每年约增加0.2%~0.3%，不仅加剧全球气候变暖，也对生态系统功能产生显著负面影响^[2]。作为平流层臭氧消耗的因素之一，N₂O在臭氧层破坏的过程中起着重要的催化作用，严重威胁大气环境和人类生存安全^[3-4]。因此，如何缓解N₂O持续增加是目前国内外研究关注的重点和难点问题^[5]。生物质炭(biochar)是指生物质在完全或部分缺氧的情况下经高温热裂解产生的芳香类化学物质^[6-7]，具有多孔、强吸附力、高化学稳定性、高酸碱度和较大阳离子交换量等特性^[7-8]。作为土壤改良剂，高孔隙度的生物质炭可以吸附持留氮素[铵根(${\rm{NH}}_4^{+} $)和硝酸根(${\rm{NO}}_3^{-} $) ]并显著改变土壤的理化性质，从而直接或间接影响参与土壤氮循环相关的微生物群(如硝化菌、反硝化菌和固氮菌)的丰度和多样性，最终影响土壤氮循环^[9-11]。因此，对近年来国内外关于生物质炭对土壤无机氮动态、硝化和反硝化作用以及N₂O排放影响及其机制等研究现状进行综述，可为生物质炭的资源化利用、土壤生态系统增汇减排技术的开发提供参考。

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Effects of biochar application on soil nitrogen transformation and N₂O emissions: a review

doi: 10.11833/j.issn.2095-0756.20200549

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Effects of biochar application on soil nitrogen transformation and N₂O emissions: a review

doi: 10.11833/j.issn.2095-0756.20200549

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2.1. 生物质炭输入对土壤硝化作用的影响

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Effects of biochar application on soil nitrogen transformation and N2O emissions: a review

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Effects of biochar application on soil nitrogen transformation and N2O emissions: a review

doi: 10.11833/j.issn.2095-0756.20200549

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Effects of biochar application on soil nitrogen transformation and N₂O emissions: a review

Effects of biochar application on soil nitrogen transformation and N₂O emissions: a review

1. State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, China

2. College of Environment and Resources, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, China